Isoosmotic solutions

TABLE 1. Biophysical characteristics of human fetal liver CD34 CD38 cells. Legends Vo - cell volume in isoosmotic solutions, Vb - osmotically inactive volume, Lp - permeability coefficient of membranes for water, p - permeability coefficient of membranes for DMSO cryoprotectant, a - reflection coefficient. 

When cells are swollen hypoosmotically and returned to an isoosmotic solution, they shrink to volumes less than those of the control and then gradually adjust their volume back to normal. Regulatory volume increase (RVI) proceeds by the... 

When brown fat mitochondria are incubated with isoosmotic solutions of KCl or KBr they swell, provided that valinomycin is added to make permeable. This halide permeability is inhibitable by purine nucleotides, just as is respiration [26]. 

Intravascular—clear solution, isoosmotic (serum and cellular fluid osmotic pressure is around 285-290mOsm), pH = 7.4... 

Osmotically active laxatives (C) are soluble but nonabsorbable particles that retain water in the bowel by virtue of their osmotic action. The osmotic pressure (particle concentration) of bowel contents always corresponds to that of the extracellular space. The intestinal mucosa is unable to maintain a higher or lower osmotic pressure of the luminal contents. Therefore, absorption of molecules (e.g., glucose, NaQ) occurs isoosmotically, i.e., solute molecules are followed by a corresponding amount of water. Conversely, water remains in the bowel when molecules cannot be absorbed. 

Osmolarity a 4-5% w/v aqueous solution is isoosmotic with serum. 

Osmolarity a 5.51% w/v aqueous solution is isoosmotic with serum. However, it is not isotonic since dextrose can pass through the membrane of red cells and cause hemolysis. Solubility see Table 11. 

Osmolarity a 2.23% w/v aqueous solution of the dihydrate is isoosmotic with serum a 4.45% w/v aqueous solution of the dodecahydrate is isoosmotic with serum. 

Sucrose has been used in a few cases as a solute for zonal electrophoresis of cells (Carty et al., 1975 Gear, 1977) or for isoelectric focusing of cells (vide infra), but it is not desirable due to its osmotic effect. A mixed type isoosmotic gradient of sucrose and Metrizamide (Nyegaard, Oslo, Norway) seems more promising. 

Intravenous solutions—those that are administered directly into a patient s veins— must have osmotic pressure equal to that of bodily fluids. These solutions are called isoosmotic. When a patient is given an IV in a hospital, the majority of the fluid is usually an isoosmotic saline solution—a solution containing 0.9 g NaCl per 100 mL of solution. In medicine and in other health-related fields, solution concentrations are often reported in units that indicate the mass of the solute in a given volume of solution. Also common is percent mass to volume—which is the mass of the solute in grams divided by volume of the solution in milliliters times 100%. In these units, the concentration of an isoosmotic saline solution is 0.9% mass/volume. 

CAN YOU ANSWER THIS An isoosmotic sucrose (C12H22O11) solution has a concentration of 0.30 M. Calculate its concentration in percent mass to volume. 

A Intravenous fluids consist mostly of isoosmotic saline solutions with an osmotic pressure equal to that of bodily fluids. Question Why would it be dangerous to administer intravenous fluids that do not have an osmotic pressure comparable to that of bodily fluids ... 

Osmosis Osmosis is the reason drinking seawater causes dehydration. As seawater goes through the stomach and intestines, it draws water away from the body through osmosis, resulting in diarrhea and dehydration. To avoid damage to body tissues, transfused fluids must always be isoosmotic with body fluids. Most transfused fluids consist in whole or part of 0.9% mass/volume saline solution. 

Two shipwreck survivors were rescued from a life raft. One had drunk seawater while the other had not. The one who had drunk the seawater was more severely dehydrated than the one who did not. Explain. 22. Why are intravenous fluids always isoosmotic saline solutions What would happen if pure water were administered intravenously ... 

Tonicity. Generally, an isoosmotic medium is the most suitaUe particles such as mitochondria and lysosomes exhibit an osmotic behaviour and are altered in hypotonic or hypertonic solutions. 

---