Isolated cells, oxygen consumption

Croft DN. Isolated parietal cells Oxygen consumption, electrolyte content and intracellular pH. Clin Sci 37 491-501, 1969. 

Dragavon, J., et al., 2008. A cellular isolation system for real-time single-cell oxygen consumption monitoring. J. R. Soc. Interface/R. Soc. 5 (Suppl. 2), S151-S159. Available at http //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender. 

Non-invasive assessments of mitochondrial function in vivo typically reflect the techniques to monitor it in cells or isolated organelles. Direct calorimetry, organismal oxygen consumption, CO2 production and a host of other techniques all provide insight into mitochondrial capacity, albeit with confounding factors of movement and physical training of the subject. 

Figure 7.37. The relationship between passive Na+ permeability of isolated liver cells from live species of vertebrates and Na+-dependent oxygen consumption. (Figure modified after Hulbert and Else, 1990.)...

The effects of berbamine on energy metabolism in isolated rat alveolar type II cells (cells which play a critical role in the maintenance of normal lung function) were studied. Incubation of type II cells with berbamine produced a reduction in cellular ATP content, but there was no effect of the alkaloid on cellular oxygen consumption. Berbamine produced an increase in internal calcium levels of type II cells, and incubation of the cells with calcium ionophore, 4-bromo A-23187, led to increased amounts of cellular calcium and reductions in ATP levels, with no effect on oxygen consumption. Exposure of isolated lung mitochondria to calcium produced a concentration-dependent reduction in ATP synthesis with no effect on mitochondrial oxygen... 

A decreased activity of the stimulated oxygen consumption 3 hours after cell isolation has been shown (M5). When superoxide production is measured on the same preparation of leukocytes, the decrease observed over the same period of time is comparable to that found when measuring oxygen consumption (Fig. 5). Takeshige et al. (Tl) reported a 30% loss of activity 6 hours after blood sampling when they measured Oi production and a 50% loss of activity after 5 hours when they determined H2O2 production. 

Nitralin inhibits the root growth of sensitive plants by disrupting primary cell wall formation during cell division (Centner and Burk, 1968). Like trifluralin, it inhibits oxygen consumption and oxidative phosphorylation in vitro in the isolated mitochondria of maize, millet and soybean (Negi et al., 1968). 

After the basic aspects of respiratory decline had been clarified in liver slices, attempts were made to study the phenomenon with liver mitochondria since they are the main site of respiratoiy activity in the cell. It was surprising to see that isolated mitochondria of prenecrotic livers, in contrast to intact liver slices, demonstrated a behavior which was in most respects indistinguishable from that of normal mitochondria which were obtained from vitamin E-supplemented animals (Corwin and Schwarz, 1959). The only consistent difference existed in the utilization of oxal-acetate. All other areas of substrate utilization in the citric acid cycle appeared normal. The impairment of oxalaeetate metabolism became evident when malate or succinate was used as substrate in the presence of DPN. In the sequence from succinate through malate to oxalaeetate, accumulation of oxalaeetate leads to an inhibition of oxygen consumption. 

The effect of stavudine-based HAART on mitochondrial respiratory transport chain function in CD4-I- peripheral blood lymphocytes has been studied in HTV-positive patients in Australia [73. CD4-I-lymphocytes isolated from asymptomatic stavudine-treated patients had reduced basal mitochondrial oxygen consumption compared with untreated HIV-infected patients and uninfected controls. Cells from the stavudine-treated patients also had reduced maximal oxygen consumption. There were no significant differences in citrate synthase activities, mitochondrial volume, or mitochondrial DNA copy numbers per cell between the groups. These findings support an association between stavudine and mitochondrial dysfunction and suggest that the alteration in function does not solely result from the... 

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