Isocitric acid, structure

Isocitric acid, an intermediate in the citric acid cycle of food metabolism, has the systematic name (2/ ,3S)-3-carboxy-2-hydroxypentanedioic acid. Draw the structure. 

Isomers are molecules with the same composition (i. e. the same molecular formula), but with different chemical and physical properties. If isomers differ in the way in which their atoms are bonded in the molecule, they are described as structural isomers (cf citric acid and isocitric acid, D). Other forms of isomerism are based on different arrangements of the substituents of bonds (A, B) or on the presence of chiral centers in the molecule (C). 

Iron(III) complexes, tetraphenylporphyrinatobenzene-thiolatobenzenethiol-, 517 Iron(IV) complexes phosphines SHAB theory, 1040 Iron cupferronate structure, 510 Iron methoxide physical properties, 346 Iron pivalate basic, 303 Iron proteins iron-sulfur group, 773 Isobacteriochlorins, 851 Isobutyric acid, hydroxy-metal complexes IR spectra, 470 Isobutyric acid, 2-hydroxy-metal complexes NMR, 467 Isocitric acid... 

Aliphatic tricarboxylic acids such as citric acid exhibit a remarkably high affinity toward the stationary phase of an anion exchanger. Hence, low ionic strength bicarbon-ate/carbonate buffer solutions are not particularly suited as eluents. However, when a sodium hydroxide solution at a comparatively high concentration (c 0.08 mol/L) is used, citric acid may be eluted, and may even be separated from its structural isomer isocitric acid. When the detection of these compounds is carried out via electrical con-... 

CJ-15,183 (44) has been isolated from the fermentation culture of the fungus, Aspergillus aculeatus CL38916 as a squalene synthase inhibitor. The compound potently inhibited rat liver and human squalene synthases. In addition, it showed antifungal activities against filamentous fungi and yeast. The structure was elucidated to be an aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid compound consisting of an alkyl y-lactone, malic acid and isocitric acid moieties by spectroscopic analyses [69]. 

The NADP-IDH from Escherichia coli has been thoroughly studied. It is a dimeric protein of two identical 40-kDa subunits. High-resolution X-ray crystal structures have been determined for the enzyme with and without substrate [16,17], and for the pseudo-Michaelis complex of the enzyme with isocitrate and NADP [18], Structures of sequential intermediates formed during the catalytic action of IDH are also available [19], Additionally, the kinetic and catalytic mechanisms have been determined in detail [20], Amino acid residues which are involved in interactions with substrate, coenzyme, metal ions, and catalysis have been identified [10,21],... 

The complex formation between Ni(ii) and acetate ions in aqueous solution has been studied by C NMR. Equilibrium quotients (132) and rate parameters (133) for the ligand exchange processes are reported. Complexes of hydroxy-acids (134) and iminodiacetates RN(CH2C0 )2 (135) have been the subjects of further studies. Co(ii) complexes of malate, citrate, isocitrate, and monomethylcitrate all exhibit large shifts which may be accounted for by assuming a common structural unit [22] in which the ligand is tridentate. Nickel(ii)... 

NADP) as a redox cofactor and requires a divalent metal ion. ° The addition of 1 mM ethylenediaminete-traacetic acid (EDTA) abolishes the oxidation of HTP and the full activity of the apoenzyme can be restored using 1 mM Mn, Co, Mg, or Ca. Half of the original activity is restored upon addition of 1 mM Ni or 2 mM The structure of the enzyme from E. coli has been determined and is similar to isocitrate... 

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