Iron oxides carbonates

Figure 6. XPS C Is (left) and 0 Is (right) spectra of the interfacial substrate surface of epoxy-amine coating on bare steel following cathodic polarization testing (solid curves). Also shown is an approximate curve resolution for each spectrum components of the C Is spectrum are, from left, alkane, ether, and carbonate principal components of the 0 Is spectrum are, from left, iron oxide, carbonate, ether, ad adsorbed water (29.) or sodium Auger ( ). Reproduced with permission from Ref. 29. Copyright 1981, Pergamon Press.

Alteration assemblages may include primary chlorite, illite, smectites, and/or kaolinite, and various primary and secondary iron oxides, carbonates, and sulfides (Fig.1), any one of which may serve as indicators of fluid composition. Lithologic geochemical surveys rely on an understanding of these patterns to vector towards uranium deposits. The interpretation of hydromorphic geochemical surveys, including lake and stream sediment, and soil, depends on the mobility of uranium and associated elements in the surface and near surface environment. 

Theoretical studies by Polyakov (1997), Polyakov et al. (2007) and Schauble et al. (2001) predicted Fe isotope fractionations of several %c between various iron oxides, carbonates and sulfides from spectroscopic data, even at high temperatures. Fe/ " Fe ratios will be usually higher in Fe + compounds than in Fe + bearing species. First experimental studies at magmatic temperatures were conducted by SchiiBler et al. (2007) for equilibrium isotope fractionations between iron sulfide... 

The presence of a calcium hydroxide carbon composite captures the major portion of chlorine and bromine content out from the liquid fraction. In contrast, in the presence of PET, even a combination of calcium a hydroxide carbon composite and an iron oxide carbon composite is not effective to remove halogen the liquid products completely (51). 

In contrast, an iron oxide carbon composite has been reported that is highly effective in removing both bromine and chlorine from a blend of brominated HIPS and PVC in the course of catalytic thermal degradation, with respect to the liquid fraction of the products of pyrolysis (52). The amounts of chlorine and bromine in the solid have been given. However, a through chlorine balance has not... 

Reduction of iron oxide, carbonate, or oxalate in a current of hydrogen results in the formation of a very pure iron. The reaction is fairly rapid at 600° C., but higher temperatures are more efficient, whilst at lower temperatures the product is usually contaminated with ferrous oxide (see p. 109). 

HCl and HBr removal from gaseous effluents. Bhaskar et al. examined Ca-, Fe-, Zn-and Mg-based sorbents for this purpose, obtaining good results with Ca-Z. Hakata et al. tested an iron oxide-carbon composite catalyst for the selective vapour phase dechlorination of chloroalkanes. 

Waste-plastic-derived oil that was prepared by thermal degradation of municipal waste plastics at 410°C was dehydrochlorinated to remove chloroorganic compounds using various catalysts such as iron oxide, iron oxide-carbon composite, ZnO, MgO and red mud. The iron oxide catalysts were effective in removing the chloroorganic compounds. MgO and ZnO catalysts were deactivated during the reaction by HCl, which is produced by the dehydrochlorination of chloroorganic compounds. Iron oxide and its carbon composite were found to be stable in the dehydrochlorination of municipal waste plastic derived oil [19]. 

T. Bhaskar, T. Matsui, M. A. Uddin, J. Kaneko, A. Muto, and Y. Sakata, Effect of Sb203 in brominated heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) on thermal degradation and debromination by iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C), Appl. Catal. B. Env., 43, 229-241 (2003). 

Fine clastic sediments, mostly mudrocks, in contrast to their coarser counterparts, are either derived by first cycle weathering of silicate minerals or glass, or from recycling of older mudrocks. Physical comminution plays only a secondary role. The average shale is composed of 40-60% clay minerals, 20-30% quartz, 5-10% feldspar and minor iron oxide, carbonate, organic matter, and other components (Yaalon, 1962 Shaw and Weaver, 1965). Granitic source rocks produce shales richer in kaolinite and illite, the... 

Zhao, X., Johnston, C. and Grant, P. S. (2009) A novel hybrid supercapacitor with a carbon nanotube cathode and an iron oxide/carbon nanotube composite anode , / Mater. Chem., 19,8755-60. 

Martian crustal materials Ubiquitous, fine grained dust found on the surface of Mars believed to consist of silicates, iron oxide, carbonates and clays MAS-NMR Magic angle spinning-nuclear magnetic resonance... 

X. M. Guo et al., Effects of Catalyst and Additive Containing Li, a, or Ca on Reduction of Iron Oxide/Carbon Composite Pellets, Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, 8(3)(2001), 185-188. 

Well-ordered SAMs of adipic acid were formed on the iron oxide/eaibon steel surface by the immersion method. This leads to ordered, robust monol eis bound to the surface in a tetradentate manner, since adipic acid is a dicarboxylic acid. Carbon steel was immersed in an aqueous solution containing 60 ppm of Cl and 50 ppm of adipic acid for 5 minutes, and was then taken out and rinsed in distilled water and heated in a hot air oven. The adipic acid monolayer on the iron oxide/carbon steel surface can withstand rinsing with water, concentrated acid and base exposure. Additionally, these monolayers are stable over the course of at least 1 week. 

Surface coating with iron oxide Carbon paper 2.75-Fold increase in the power density [67]... 

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