Iron and Oxidative Stress

Touati D. 2000. Iron and oxidative stress in bacteria. Arch Biochem Biophys 373 1-6. 

Tindale AE, Mehrotra M, Ottem D, Page WJ (2000) Dual Regulation of Catecholate Siderophore Biosynthesis in Azotobacter vinelandii by Iron and Oxidative Stress. Microbiology 146 1617... 

Reactive oxygen species production is largely catalyzed by transition metals (especially copper and iron), and oxidative stress plays a critical role in AD pathogenesis. In one study, the association of metal levels and Ap toxicity was demonstrated by (i) the effect on cell viability by metal alone and in the combination with APP and Ap, (ii) Ap-induced neurotoxicity relevant to oxidative stress indicated by ROS production, and (iii) APPsw cells expressed APP and generated Ap, so that Ap Cu2+ and APP Cu2+ can catalyze more ROS generation than APP cells that only expressed APP. 

O2)" biochemistry is strongly influenced by transition metals. Tyler (1975) reasoned that lipid peroxidation (LPO) in membranes occurs only in the presence of iron (for iron and oxidative stress see Section 4.1.4). 

Winyard, P.G., Blake, D.R., Chirco, S., Gutteridge, J.M.C. and Lunec, J. (1987a). Mechanism of exacerbation of rheumatoid synovitis by total-dose iron-dextran infusion in vivo demonstration of iron-promoted oxidant stress. Lancet i, 69-72. 

Gilmour, P.S. et al. (1997) Free radical activity of industrial fibers role of iron in oxidative stress and activation of transcription factors. Environmental Health Perspectives, 105, 1313-1317. 

The above findings are supported in the other studies of the inhibitory effects of flavonoids on iron-stimulated lipid peroxidation. Quercetin was found to be an inhibitor of iron-stimulated hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation (/50 = 200 pmol I ) [134]. Flavonoids eriodictyol, luteolin, quercetin, and taxifolin inhibited ascorbate and ferrous ion-stimulated MDA formation and oxidative stress (measured by fluorescence of 2,7,-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein) in cultured retinal cells [135]. It should be mentioned that in recent work Heijnen et al. [136] revised the structure activity relationship for the protective effects of flavonoids against lipid peroxidation. 

Sergent, O., Griffon, B., Morel, I., Chevanne, M., Dubos, M. P., Cihard, P., and Chlard, J., 1997, Effect of nitric oxide on iron-mediated oxidative stress in primary rat hepatocyte culture, Hepatology 25 122-127. 

Hentze, M.W. and Ktihn, L.C. Molecular control of vertebrate iron metabohsm mRNA-based regulatory drcuits operated by iron, nitric oxide, and oxidative stress (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sd USA. 93, 8175-82. 

Comporti M, Signorini C, Buonocore G, Ciccoli L (2002) Iron release, oxidative stress and erythrocyte aging. Free Radical Biol Med 34 568-576... 

Meli R, Nauser T, Koppenol WH (1999) Direct observation of intermediates in the reaction of per-oxynitrite with carbon dioxide. Helv Chim Acta 82 722-725 Meneghini R (1997) Iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. Free Rad Biol Med 23 783—... 

---