Ionic liquids, capillary electrophoresis separation

Jiang, T.-F., Wang, Y.-H., and Lv, z.-H., Dynamic coating of a capillary with room-temperature ionic liquids for the separation of amino acids and acid drugs by capillary electrophoresis, ]. Anal. Chem., 61,1108-1112,2006. 

Jiang, T.-F., Gu, Y.-L., Liang, B., Li, J.-B., Shi, Y.-R, and Ou, Q.-Y., Dynamically coating the capillary with l-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium based ionic liquids for separation of basic proteins by capillary electrophoresis. Anal. Chim. Acta, 479, 249-254, 2003. 

Yu, L., Qin, W., and Li, S. F. Y, Ionic liquids as additives for separation of benzoic acid and chlorophenoxy acid herbicides by capillary electrophoresis. Anal. Chim. Acta, 547,165-171,2005. 

Wang, Y. L., Hu, Z. B., and Yuan, Z. B., Ionic liquid and HF-p-CD modified capillary zone electrophoresis to separate hyperoside, luteolin and chlorogenic acid, Chinese Chem. Lett., 17, 231-234,2006. 

Marszalt, M. R, Markuszewski, M. J., and Kaliszan, R., Separation of nicotinic acid and its structural isomers using l-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ionic liquid as a buffer additive by capillary electrophoresis, ]. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 41, 329-332,2006. 

Yue, M.-E. and Shi, Y.-R, Application of l-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium-based ionic liquids in separation of bioactive flavonoids by capillary zone electrophoresis, /. Sep. Set., 29, 272-276,2006. 

Markuszewski, M. J., Stepnowski, R, and Marszall, R, Capillary electrophoretic separation of cationic constituents of imidazolium ionic liquids, Electrophoresis, 25, 3450-3454, 2004. 

After reviewing the properties and structure of ionic liquids, leading specialists explore the role of these materials in optical, electrochemical, and biochemical sensor technology. The book then examines ionic liquids in gas, liquid, and countercurrent chromatography, along with their use as electrolyte additives in capillary electrophoresis. It also discusses gas solubilities and measurement techniques, liquid-liquid extraction, and the separation of metal ions. The final chapters cover molecular, Raman, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectroscopies. 

Fran9ois, Y. et al. Evaluation of chiral ionic liquids as additives to cyclodextrins for enantiomeric separations by capillary electrophoresis. J. Chromatogr. A. 2007, 1155, 134-141. 

Qi S, Cui S, Cheng Y, Chen X, Hu Z (2006) Rapid separation and determination of aconitine alkaloids in traditional Chinese herbs by capillary electrophoresis using l-butyl-3-methylimidazoium-based ionic liquid as running electrolyte. Biomed Chromatogr 20 294-300... 

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is used to separate ionic species by exploiting their frictional forces and differences in the charges of the respective species. In traditional electrophoresis, electrically charged analytes move in a conductive liquid medium under the influence of an electric field. CE has proved to be highly successful in enabling the analysis of DNA fragments and other... 

Wang, H. Zhu, Y. Yan, X. Lin, J., Fabrication of molecularly imprinted hybrid monoliths via a room temperature ionic liquid-mediated nonhydrolytic sol-gel route for chiral separation of zolmitriptan by capillary electrochromotography. Electrophoresis 2008, 29, 952-959. 

Qin,W. Wei,H. Li,S.F.Y. (2002). Separation of ionic liquid cations and related imidazole derivatives by a-cyclodextrin modified capillary zone electrophoresis. Analyst Vol.127 (No.4) 490-493. 

Electrophoresis — Movement of charged particles (e.g., ions, colloidal particles, dispersions of suspended solid particles, emulsions of suspended immiscible liquid droplets) in an electric field. The speed depends on the size of the particle, as well as the -> viscosity, -> dielectric permittivity, and the -> ionic strength of the solution, and it is directly proportional to the applied electric field. In analytical as well as in synthetic chemistry electrophoresis has been employed to separate species based on different speeds attained in an experimental setup. In a typical setup the sample is put onto a mobile phase (dilute electrolyte solution) filled, e.g., into a capillary or soaked into a paper strip. At the ends of the strip connectors to an electrical power supply (providing voltages up to several hundred volts) are placed. Depending on their polarity and mobility the charged particles move to one of the electrodes, according to the attained speed they are sorted and separated. (See also - Tiselius, - electrophoretic effect, - zetapotential). 

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