Investigation procedures, basic involving others

LCA and CCK, on the other hand, appear to be strikingly dissimilar. All CCK procedures require at least one quasi-continuous indicator, and if there are none, the investigator has to create such an indicator (e.g., SSMAXCOV procedure). In contrast, LCA does not require continuous indicators and only deals with categorical data. In the case of categorical data, the patterns of interest are usually apparent, so there is no need to summarize the data with correlations. Therefore, LCA evaluates cross-tabulations and compares the number of cases across cells. This shift in representation of the data necessitates other basic changes. For example, LCA operates with proportions instead of covariances and yields tables rather than plots. These differences aside, the two approaches share a lot in common. LCA, like CCK, starts with a set of correlated indicators. It also makes the assumption of zero nuisance covariance-—in the LCA literature this is called the assumption of local independence, and it means that the indicators are presumed to be independent (i.e., uncorrelated) within latent classes. Moreover, LCA and CCK (MAXCOV in particular) use similar procedures for group assignment and both of them involve Bayes s theorem. 

The interpration of the ultrasonic relaxation spectrum in terms of the multistep mechanism is complicated but gives detailed kinetic information. It requires, however, a basic knowledge of the equilibrium distribution. In practice the ultrasonic technique is often used to the investigate ion of systems for which the equilibrium properties cannot be measured by other experimental means and hence the detailed equilibrium description is not known. In those situations it is still possible to obtain some information about the rates involved by using the two state consideration (13). It must be stated, that the rate constants obtained by this procedure are sort of mean values that may differ somewhat from the individual true rate constants. 

The two types of fire-related events that are covered in these notes are false alarms and fires. As with other adverse events the basic procedure for investigating false alarms and fires involves a number of steps, starting with an assessment of the level of investigation that is required and concluding with the implementation of an agreed action plan ... 

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