Interphase distribution

Vp and VL are the volumes of the extraction agent and the liquid sample, respectively, and Kle - Ce/Ce is the distribution coefficient. In practice, an extraction yield higher than 99% is usually considered to be quantitative. With the use of the same volumes of the extraction agent and the sample, this result can be obtained even in a single extraction step if Kle < 0.01. Sometimes the entire procedure can be complicated by a chemical reaction taking place, e.g., in the extractive alkylation (see p.59) or in the preparation of volatile metal chelates (see p.194), and the total yield of the extraction then involves, in addition to the interphase distribution of the initial compounds and products, also the chemical equilibrium which is attained by the reaction. If the quantitative yield of the extraction cannot be predicted on the basis of the character of the system, the extraction efficiency must be determined, otherwise the quantitative evaluation is questionable. 

In chiral chromatography, the two diastereomeric adducts ArEr and ArEr are formed during elution, rather than synthetically, prior to chromatography. The adducts differ in their stability using chiral stationary phases (CSP) or chiral coated phases (CCP) and/or in their interphase distribution ratio adding a chiral selec-... 

The consideration of bioconcentration as an interphase distribution between aqueous and organic phases governed by diffusion processes anticipates a potential parallelism with partitioning processes between other non-miscible phases. Direct relationships between the partition coefficients in different systems (water/organic phases A and B, respectively) were recorded by Collander (1951) ... 

Sil] The calculation of the phase equilibria using of coefficients of interphase distribution of the elements. The temperatures and constitutions of invariant equilibria in the stable and metastable systems in the solid state. Isothermal sections at 717, 726 and 900°C. 

Sill] Sil man, G.I., Phase Diagram of Alloys of flie Fe-C-Mn System and Some Structural Effects in This System. Part I. Interphase Distribution of Manganese , Met. Sci. Heat Treat, 47, 48-52 (2005) (Experimental, Phase Relations, 14)... 

Important morphological parameters such as the long period (I), crystal thickness (Ic), and amorphous layer thickness (la) of semipolymer melts and blends can be determined using SAXS via two different approaches. In the first approach, standard models such as the Hosemarm-Tsvankin [23] and the Vonk-Kortleve [24,25] for lamellar stacks are fitted to data obtained for the SAXS profile. The second approach is based on performing a Fourier transform for the SAXS profile to produce a one-dimensional correlation function, y(z) (which is Fourier transform of the measured I(q) in SAXS) or an interphase distribution function (IDF) in real space. 

Interphase Distribution Function (IDF) Method The IDF, g (z), is equal to the second derivative of the correlation function, y(z), and is given by... 

Figure 6.7 (a) The interphase distribution function (IDF) for the listed compositions of PCL/PVC blends (b) Morphological parameters obtained from the deconvolution of the... 

A(-) enantiomers and the chiral selector (CS) adsorbed onto the support. The two diastereomers have different interphase distribution, leading to different mobilities. 

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