Interleukin bioactivity

Kalinski, R et al., Prostaglandin E2 is a selective inducer of interleukin-12 p40 (IL- 12p40) production and an inhibitor of bioactive IL-12p70 heterodimer, Blood 97, 3466-3469, 2001. 

In some studies, amplification effects have been observed, namely an increase in the bioactivity of interleukin-1 by mouse fixed macrophages or differentiated macrophagic cell lines, due to enhanced levels of TNFa [Zhu et al., J. Pharm. Exp. Then (1994) 25 270, 1334-1339 Shivers, S. C. et al.. Life Sci. (1994) 54,1281-1289]. 

Toniatti C> Cabibbo A, Sporena E, et al. Engineering human interleukin-6 to obtain variants with strongly enhanced bioactivity. EMBO J 1996 15 2726-37. 

Purified GPIs, obtained by proteinase K digestion from the mucins of T. cruzi trypomastigotes (tGPIs), are potent inducers of nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-12. The unsaturated fatty acid of the GPI alkylacyl-PI moiety is essential for bioactivity, but other features of the intact GPI are also necessary since the PI obtained by nitrous acid treatment was inactive.32 Correlation between GPI structure and proinflammatory activity in macrophages has been reviewed.52... 

Kang BS, Chung EY, Yun YP, et al. Inhibitory effects of anti-inflammatory drugs on interleukin-6 bioactivity. Biol Pharm Bull 2001 24(6) 701—703. 

Conformational restriction played an important role in the discovery that water induces the bioactive conformation of CsA. Cyclosporin A (Sandimmune , CsA, (23.37), Fig. 23.7), is a major drug for preventing rejection of transplanted human organs and has been the subject of many synthetic, conformational and mechanism of action studies. To produce immunosuppression, CsA first binds to cyclophilin A (CyP A), a peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase), to form the CsA-CyP complex, which then binds to and inhibits calcineuiin (CaN), a calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein phosphatase, thereby inhibiting interleukin-2 (IL-2) synthesis. ... 

Khalfoun, B., et al., Docosahexaenoic and eisosapentaenoic acids inhibit in vitro human endothelial cell production of interleukin-6, in Eicosanoids and Other Bioactive Lipids in Cancer, Inflammation, and Radiation Injury 2, Honn, K.V., et al., lids. Plenum Press, New York, 1997. 

The immunomodulatory effect of a polysaccharide (HCP-2) isolated from Houttuynia cordata is described in [76]. Previous papers described the bioactivities of water extract of H. cordata [72-74], but few pharmacological studies on isolated polysaccharides have been described [75]. HCP-2 increased the secretions of interleukin-1(3 (IL-1(3), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), macrophage inhibitory proteins (MIP-la and MIP-1(3), and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) [76]. 

Toshiaki S, Tomoyasu H, Satoshi O. Total synthesis of mad-indolines, potent selective inhibitors of interleukine 6, novel bioactive microbial metabolites. J. Synth. Org. Chem. Jpn. 2005 63(11) 1090-1101. 

COSTA MM, MAEHR T, DiAZ-ROSALES p, SECOMBES CJ, WANG T (2011), Bioactivity Studies of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) interleukin-6 effects on macrophage growth and antimicrobial peptide gene expression . Mol Immunol, 48,1903-16. 

DfAZ-ROSALES P, BIRD S, WANG TH, FUJIKI K, DAVIDSON WS, ZOU J, SECOMBES CJ (2009), Rainbow trout interleukin-2 cloning, expression and bioactivity analysis , Fish Shellfish Immunol, 27,414-22. 

MONTE MM, zou J, WANG T, CARRINGTON A, SECOMBES c (2011), Cloning, expression analysis and bioactivity studies of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) interleukin-22 , Cytokine, 55, 62-73. 

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