Interface wave

Scala C.M. and P.A., Doyle, Ultrasonic leaky interface waves for composite-metal adhesive bond characterization. Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, 14(2), 1995. 

S. I. Rokhlin, M. Hefets, and M. Rosen, An ultrasonic interface-wave method for predicting the strength of adhesive bonds, J. Appl. Phys. 52, 2847 (1981). 

A. Pilarski, Interface waves in the case of bond with variable rigidity (in Polish), IFTR Reports, 32, Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Warsaw, Poland (1983). 

Fig. 26-3 Schematic representation of (a) a lateral wave at a planar interface between semi-infinite media of refractive indices n and and (b) an interface wave on a step-profile fiber.

Analysis of Metal-Polymer Boundaries using Ultrasonic Interface Waves... 

Figure 9 Slowness diagram At the interface between isotropic steel and a V-bntt weld with 10° inclination and perpendicular grain orientation the incident 45° (with regard to the sample top surface) shea.r wave will split into two quasi shear waves qSV and qSV( 2.)...

This study detects the defect of the void and the exfoliation in the solid phase diffusion bonding interface of ductile cast iron and stainless steel with a nickel insert metal using ultrrasonic testing method, and examine the influence of mutual interference of the reflectional wave both the defect and the interface. 

As a result, the interference of the reflectional wave is shown the change for the position both the defects and the interfaces, and the size of the defect. And, the defect detection quantitatively clarified the change for the wave lengths, the reflection coefficient of sound pressure between materials and the reverse of phase. 

The echo height F/B of the expression (1) is changed that the wave length X becomes shorter, the frequency becomes increaser and the reflective coefficient of sound pressure in the bonding interface becomes higher. 

The use of air-bome ultrasound for the excitation and reception of surface or bulk waves introduces a number of problems. The acoustic impedance mismatch which exists at the transducer/air and the air/sample interfaces is the dominant factor to be overcome in this system. Typical values for these three media are about 35 MRayls for a piezo-ceramic (PZT) element and 45 MRayls for steel, compared with just 0.0004 MRayls for air. The transmission coefficient T for energy from a medium 1 into a medium 2 is given by... 

Therefore, the establishment of the Non-Destructive Inspection technique to understand the presence of the defect on the bonding interface by the ultrasonic wave etc. accurately is demanded. And, the reliability of the product improves further by feeding back accurate ultrasonic wave information obtained here to the manufacturing process. 

IHP) (the Helmholtz condenser formula is used in connection with it), located at the surface of the layer of Stem adsorbed ions, and an outer Helmholtz plane (OHP), located on the plane of centers of the next layer of ions marking the beginning of the diffuse layer. These planes, marked IHP and OHP in Fig. V-3 are merely planes of average electrical property the actual local potentials, if they could be measured, must vary wildly between locations where there is an adsorbed ion and places where only water resides on the surface. For liquid surfaces, discussed in Section V-7C, the interface will not be smooth due to thermal waves (Section IV-3). Sweeney and co-workers applied gradient theory (see Chapter III) to model the electric double layer and interfacial tension of a hydrocarbon-aqueous electrolyte interface [27]. 

PTM Photon tunneling microscopy [12] An interface is probed with an evanescent wave produced by internal reflection of the illuminating light Surface structure... 

The dynamics of polymers at surfaces can be studied via dynamic light scattering (DLS), as described in Section IV-3C. A modification of surface DLS using an evanescent wave to probe the solution in a region near the interface has... 

Surface waves at an interface between two innniscible fluids involve effects due to gravity (g) and surface tension (a) forces. (In this section, o denotes surface tension and a denotes the stress tensor. The two should not be coiifiised with one another.) In a hydrodynamic approach, the interface is treated as a sharp boundary and the two bulk phases as incompressible. The Navier-Stokes equations for the two bulk phases (balance of macroscopic forces is the mgredient) along with the boundary condition at the interface (surface tension o enters here) are solved for possible hamionic oscillations of the interface of the fomi, exp [-(iu + s)t + i V-.r], where m is the frequency, is the damping coefficient, s tlie 2-d wavevector of the periodic oscillation and. ra 2-d vector parallel to the surface. For a liquid-vapour interface which we consider, away from the critical point, the vapour density is negligible compared to the liquid density and one obtains the hydrodynamic dispersion relation for surface waves + s>tf. The temi gq in the dispersion relation arises from... 

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