Instron universal materials testing

Tensile testing is performed by elongating a specimen and measuring the load carried by the specimen. This is done using a test machine known as an Instron Universal Materials Testing Machine. From knowledge of the specimen dimensions, the load and deflection data can be translated into a stress—strain curve. A variety of tensile properties can be extracted from the stress—strain curve. The standard tests are summarized as follows ... 

Figure 1.22 shows a picture of an Instron Universal Materials Testing Machine and a diagram of the test plaque and details of the test configuration. The instrument can provide a stress vs. strain curve such as that shown in Figure 1.23. Analysis of this curve leads to several useful mechanical measurements.

These tests are often done in an Instron Universal Materials Testing Machine. The sample is typically molded sheet that has been cut into a disk. A diagram of the apparatus used is shown in Figure 1.25. 

Figure 1.22 Instron Universal Materials Testing Machine. (Photo courtesy of Instron Corporation).

The feature of fracture and its changes with microstructures were observed on a Hitachi S-570 scan electron microscope (SEM). The distribution of hardness was measured on a HV-120 Vickers Hardometer. The static Young s modulus, strength and extensibility of TiCp/2024 FGM were measured in the gradient direction, and as a comparison, the same properties of a uniform TiCp/2024 composite (non-FGM) were also measured on an electron mechanical universal material testing machine (Instron 1186). 

The experimental setup for the strain and elecfiical resistance measurements used simultaneously an Instron Universal Material Tester 4466 and a Keithley Multimeter. The researchers adopted a cycle test with a crosshead speed to a given maximum strain. 

The labor-intensive nature of polymer tensile and flexure tests makes them logical candidates for automation. We have developed a fully automated instrument for performing these tests on rigid materials. The instrument is comprised of an Instron universal tester, a Zymark laboratory robot, a Digital Equipment Corporation minicomputer, and custom-made accessories to manipulate the specimens and measure their dimensions automatically. Our system allows us to determine the tensile or flexural properties of over one hundred specimens without human intervention, and it has significantly improved the productivity of our laboratory. This paper describes the structure and performance of our system, and it compares the relative costs of manual versus automated testing. 

Mechanical Properties. Mechanical properties obtained on the cured resins included tensile strength and fracture toughness. Tensile tests were run on an Instron model 1122 Universal Tester with a crosshead speed of 0.02 /minute. Tests were run on dry and saturated samples in air. Fracture toughness (K ) values have been obtained using a MTS 610 Materials Testing System at 0.02 /minute at ambient and elevated temperatures in air. The compact tensile specimens tested were 0.5 x 0.5 x 0.125 in dimension. Mechanical properties data are based on the results from four or more tests run at each condition. 

The stress-strain properties of a plastic material having dimensions 6 inches long, 1 inch wide, and 0.001 inch thick (1 mil) were determined using an Instron universal testing machine, with the distance between the grips of the machine (where all the stretching took place) set at 2 inches. The table below displays the results. Calculate ... 

Strain-strength characteristics of the materials were determined in uniaxial tension mode on a universal testing machine Instron-1122 at room temperature and constant velocity of the upper beam vs = 50 mm/min. The samples present bilateral shoulder with the size of the working part of 4x20 mm. The thickness of the samples was measured with a micrometer with an accuracy of 0.01 mm. The curves load elongation was measured tensile strength a MPa and elongation at break s%. 

Mechanical properties are the parameters used to measure the forces able to deform the natural rubber blended materials such as elongation, compression, twist and breakage as a function of an applied load, time, temperature or other conditions by testing materials. Results of these tests depend on the size and shape of the specimens of the tested materials. Generally, the specimens are cut into a specific shape and their mechanical properties tested with an accurate load cell capacity and crosshead speed by a tensile machine such as an Instron testing machine or universal testing machine until they deform. ... 

The force (F) required to cause failure of the welded specimens in shear was measured on an Instron Model 4206 Universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 5 mm/min. The stress at break was normalized by the weld cross-sectional area. The weld length was fixed at 15nun and the width was measured using a calibrated computer scanner. It is important to note that, nnlike many other welding techniques, the weld width W) is a function of LTW power, material properties and part thickness. It therefore needs to be measured for each weld. 

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