Inside-out signaling

Integrins, selectins, cadherins, claudins and other cell adhesion molecules are involved in the interaction of cells with other cells or with extracellular matrix components. Some of them also serve as receptors by inducing outside-in or additional inside-out signaling. 

Blind, M., Kolanus, W. and Famulok, M. (1999) Cytoplasmic RNA modulators of an inside-out signal-transduction cascade. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 3606-3610. 

Kramer KL, Barnette JE, Yost HJ. 2002. PKC gamma regulates syndecan-2 inside-out signaling during Xenopus left-right development. Cell 111 981-990. 

Takagi, J., Petre, B. M., Walz, T., and Springer, T. A. (2002). Global conformational rearrangements in integrin extracellular domains in outside-in and inside-out signaling. Cell 110, 599-611. 

Regulation of Integrin Through Inside-Out Signaling, a Structural View... 

O Toole TE, Katagiri Y, Eaull RJ, Peter K, Tamura R, Quaranta V, Loftus JC, Shattil SJ, Ginsberg MH. Integrin cytoplasmic domains mediate inside-out signal transduction. J. Cell. Biol. 1994 124 1047-1059. 

In addition to integrin a6P4, epidermal basal cells, which include junctional epithelial cells, possess two pi integrins that affect subsequent basal cell differentiation (Sect. 5.2.2). The pi integrins transmit inside-out signaling via kindlin-1, a protein that binds to the... 

Complex intracellular signalling pathways (known as inside-out signalling) ensuing from stimulation by platelet agonists are thought ultimately... 

Faull RJ, Ginsberg MH (1996) Inside-out signaling through integrins. J Am Soc Nephrol... 

Using structural models, explain how Integrins mediate outside-ln and Inside-out signaling. 

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