Inorganic compounds oxoacids

U 1 Name ions, binary inorganic compounds, oxoacids, compounds with common polyatomic ions, and hydrates, and write their formulas (Toolboxes D.l and D.2, Self-Test D.l, and Examples D.l, D.2, and D.3). 

Oxygen has major uses in the chemical industry too. It is used to oxidize methane, ethylene, and other hydrocarbons. Oxidation of methane produces synthesis gas. Ethylene oxidation yields products such as ethylene oxide, acetaldehyde, and acetic acid. Oxygen also is used in making many commercial inorganic compounds including various metal oxides, oxoacids, and 0x0-salts. 

International Agreement, The first report of the Commission for the Reform of the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry was written in 1926 by Delepine. Subsequent rules (1940, 1959) were expanded and improved in 1990 to provide the basis for naming inorganic compounds. They retain most of the well established names for biliary and pseudobinary compounds and for the oxoacids of the nonmetals and derivatives. 

Oxides can be defined as binary compounds formed between various elements and oxygen, while phosphates can be defined as salts based formally on phosphorus (V) oxoacids and in particular salts of phosphoric (V) acid, H3PO4. Both oxides and phosphates are among the most important classes of inorganic compounds. For example, silicon dioxide (Si02) is the main compound in the Earth s crust, and apatite, a complex mineral form of calcium phosphate, Ca5(P04)3 (OH, F, Cl) is the main compound on the enamel of teeth [1-3],... 

Use the generai ruies to name simpie inorganic compounds, inciuding binary compounds, binary acids, poiyatomic ions, and oxoacids. 

This system is additive and was developed originally to name coordination compounds, although it can be used in other circumstances when appropriate. For a discussion, see the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Chapter 10. The compound to be named is considered as a central atom together with its ligands, and the name is developed by assembling the individual names of the constituents. This system has also been applied to name oxoacids and the related anions. Coordination names for oxoanions are cited in the examples throughout the text, and they are presented in detail in Section 4.4.5 (p. 69). 

Polymeric compounds (macromolecules) do not fall easily into either of these categories, and for them a subsystem of macromolecular nomenclature has been developed. A brief introduction to macromolecular nomenclature is presented in Chapter 6. Non-stoichiometric compounds also are clearly difficult to name within the constraints of a description which generally implies localised electron-pair bonds or specific atom-atom interactions. For these, further systems of nomenclature are in the process of development. Finally, oxoacids and inorganic rings and chains have their own nomenclature variants. 

The table below lists some common inorganic oxoacids with both common and systematic names. The last example (hypochlorous acid) illustrates how to name a compound in which the central atom is oxygen. 

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