Inorganic compounds halides

I. Reactions with Miscbli.aneous Inorganic Compounds 1. Phosphorus Halides... 

Direct observations of the decompositions of a wide range of inorganic compounds [231—246], which are unstable in the electron beam, particularly azides and silver halides, have provided information concerning the mechanisms of radiolysis these are often closely related to the processes which operate during thermal decomposition. Sample temperatures estimated [234] to occur at low beam intensity are up to 470 K while, at higher intensity, 670 K may be attained. 

These reactions are most important for the preparation of acyl fluorides. " Acyl chlorides and anhydrides can be converted to acyl fluorides by treatment with polyhydrogen fluoride-pyridine solution" or with liquid HF at — 10°C. Formyl fluoride, which is a stable compound, was prepared by the latter procedure from the mixed anhydride of formic and acetic acids. Acyl fluorides can also be obtained by reaction of acyl chlorides with KF in acetic acid or with DAST. Carboxylic esters and anhydrides can be converted to acyl halides other than fluorides by the inorganic acid halides mentioned in 10-77, as well as with PhsPXa (X = Cl or but this is seldom done. Halide exchange can be carried out in a... 

Mixtures of inorganic oxygenated compounds (halide oxides or oxide sulfides) or oxygen-rich organic compounds (alkyl oxalates) with sodium (or its alloy with potassium) are shock-sensitive explosives. 

Inorganic Compounds. Inorganic selenium compounds are similar to those of sulfur and tellurium. The most important inoiganic compounds are the selenides, halides, oxides, and oxyacids. Selenium oxidation states are —2, 0, +1, +2, +4, and H-6. Detailed descriptions of the compounds, techniques, and methods of preparation, and references to original work are available (1—3,5,6—10, 51—54). Some important physical properties of inorganic selenium compounds are Us ted in Table 3. 

The various ways in which solubility data are presented are discussed in Section 1.1. This section consists of a description of the factors governing the solubility of inorganic compounds in water. The discussion is restricted mainly to the Group 1 halides with some concluding generalizations. 

Tellurium forms inorganic compounds very similar to those of sulfur and selenium. The most important tellurium compounds are the tellurides, halides, oxides, and oxyacids (5). Techniques and methods of preparation are given in the literature (51,52). The chemical relations of tellurium compounds are illustrated in Figure 2 (53). 

Of all the reactions studied, only the synthesis of nitrogen oxides and acetylene in arcs or plasma torches and that of ozone in glow and corona discharges are of major importance. In addition, a few small-scale preparations of inorganic compounds have been developed, e.g. synthesis of hydrazine and of hydrides and halides of silicon, germanium, tin, lead, phosphorus or arsenic 3> ... 

A photoprocess rather common with inorganic compounds is the formation of solvated electrons, e [ in organic solvents and eat in aqueous solutions.43,44 The photoprocess is most commonly observed with anions whose absorption spectrum exhibits a characteristic charge transfer to solvent, CTTS, band in the ultraviolet. It is the typical photoprocess of the halide anions shown in Equations 6.89 and 6.90 where X = Cl, Br, and I-. 

Many inorganic compounds have the fluorite and inverse fluorite structures (a) all halides of the larger divalent cations except two fluorides in this class (b) oxides and sulfides of univalent ions (c) oxides of large quadrivalent cations and (d) some intermetallic compounds. Table 10.1.5 lists some compounds of the fluorite and inverse fluorite types and their a parameters. 

These and other methods of introducing halogen into heterocycles, such as the transformation of a- and y-hydroxypyridinoid bases with inorganic acid halides, the treatment of pyridinoid A-oxides with sulfur or phosphorus halides, and the decomposition of diazonium compounds, are treated adequately in existing references. 

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