Inorganic chemistry history

Keywords Inorganic chemistry History of chemistry Discipline formation American inorganic chemists Chemistry in US academia Chemistry at Caltech Mechanism in chemistry Organometallic chemistry Donald Yost... 

The basic ideas concerning the structure and geometry of complex ions presented in this chapter were developed by one of the most gifted individuals in the history of inorganic chemistry,... 

Group 13/15 compounds have a long-standing history in inorganic chemistry and have been known for almost two centuries. First reports on such compounds go back to 1809, when Gay Lussac synthesized F3B4—NH3,1 the historical prototype of a Lewis acid-base adduct, by reaction of BF3 and NH3. Since this initial study, numerous Lewis acid-base adducts of boranes, alanes, gallanes and indanes MX3, MF13 and MR3 (M = B, Al, Ga, In X = F, Cl, Br, I R = alkyl, aryl) of the type R3M <- ER 3 (E = N, P, As) (Type A) have been synthesized and... 

The history of chemistry continued to be a component of chemical studies in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. At Manchester, the Final Honors Chemistry Examination for 1905 included sections of inorganic chemistry, organic chemistry, physical chemistry, and the history of chemistry and chemical philosophy, each section three hours long.40... 

G. Flink stated that gadolinite "perhaps played a greater role in the history of inorganic chemistry than any other mineral and that it is mainly found only at two Scandinavian localities, namely Ytterby near Vaxholm and Hittero near Flekkefjord in Norway. Other Scandinavian localities for it are of little importance, and in other countries it is found only as a rarity (77). 

For the theoretical approach to inorganic chemistry, see the books listed in Section A.7 of the Appendix. See also the books listed in Section 4.8, especially Chapter 1 of Johnson (1982). The historical development of bonding theory is thoroughly treated by Palmer, W. G. (1965). A History of the Concept of Valency to 1930. Cambridge University Press. 

C. A. Russell, General and inorganic chemistry, in Recent Developments in the History of Chemistry, ed. C. A. Russell, Royal Society of Chemistry, 1985, pp. 77-96. 

K. Rumpf, Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry, 8th Edition, Silicon, Part A1, History, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1984, p. 168. 

H. W. Kirby and co-workers, eds., Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Thorium, Suppl. Vol A2, History, Isotopes, Recovery of Thorium, 8th ed.,... 

The oxidation number of a central atom in a coordination entity is defined as the charge it would bear if all of the ligands were removed along with the electron pairs that were shared with the central atom. It is represented by a roman numeral." its influence in the domain of "inorganic chemistry" is pervasive. Consequently, it is desirable to examine the history of that process called "oxidation-reduction". 

The biblical Old Testament period overlaps with the Copper, Bronze, and Iron Ages, so it is natural that these metals are mentioned frequently in the Bible and in other ancient manuscripts. For example, iron is mentioned about 100 times in the Old Testament, copper 8 times, and bronze more than 150 times. Other metals that were easily obtained (tin and lead) are also described numerous times. In fact, production of metals has been a significant factor in technology and chemistry for many centuries. Processes that are crude by modem standards were used many centuries ago to produce the desired metals and other materials, but the source of raw materials was the same then as it is now. In this chapter, we will present an overview of inorganic chemistry to show its importance in history and to relate it to modern industry. 

Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry, System No. 68, Platinum. Main Volume, (a) Part A in Sections 1-6, 1938-1951 (Platinum Metals, Occurrence, History, Preparation, Alloys) (b) Part B The Element in Sections 1-4,1939-1942, Physical and Electrochemical properties of Platinum (Chemical reactions of Pt in Section 4) (c) Part C The Compounds of Platinum. Section 1. Compounds with Noble Gases, H, O, N, Halogens, S, Se, Te, B, C,Si, P, As, Sb, Bi, 1939 (d) Section 2. Compounds with the alkali metals and ammonium, mainly the alkali metal platinum double salts, 1940 . (e) Section 3 Other Compounds, 1940 (f) Part D Complexes with Neutral ligands, 1957. Supplement Volume (g) Part A. Section 1. Technology of Platinum Metals. 1986 (h) Section 2. Isotopes, Atoms, Molecules and Clusters. 1989. 

Cobalt Inorganic Coordination Chemistry Coordination Chemistry History Macrocyclic Ligands Mixed Valence Compounds Nitrogen Inorganic Chemistry. 

Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry , System No. 39, Part A, History, Occurrence Part B, The Elements Part C, The Compoimds Part D, Coordination Compounds 1938, onwards. 

Coordination Chemistry History Coordination Numbers Geometries Copper Inorganic Coordination Chemistry Gold Organometallic Chemistry Halides Solid-state Chemistry Photochemistry of Transition Metal Complexes. 

Gmelin Handbook of Inorganic Chemistry , Springer, Berlin, includes the following Sulfur A1 (History, 1942) A2 (Occurrence, Technology, 1953) A3 (The Element, 1953) B1 (Hydrides and Oxides, 1953) B2 (Sulfur-Oxygen Acids, 1960) B3 (Compounds, 1963) Sulfur Suppl. Vol. 1 (Thionyl Halides, 1978) Sulfur Suppl. Vol. 2 (Sulfur Halides, 1978) Sulfur Suppl. Vol. 3 (Sulfur Oxides, 1980) Sulfur Suppl. Vol. 4a/b (Sulfanes, 1983) as well as several volmnes on S-N chemistry. 

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