Injection, of cocaine

Aloyo V., Pazalski P., Kirifides A., Harvey J. Behavioral sensitization, behavioral tolerance, and increased 3II WIN 35,428 binding in rabbit caudate nucleus after repeated injections of cocaine. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 52 335, 1995. 

Cocaine potentiation. + indicates that pressor effect was increased by the prior injection of cocaine. 

Priapism associated with intracavernosal injection of cocaine has also been reported. 

A 43-year-old man developed persistent painful erection after intracavernosal injection of cocaine (215). He had previously administered cocaine in this way to prolong erections. Cavernosal aspiration resulted in partial detumescence, but the condition recurred. Urine screen was positive for cocaine. Aspiration and irrigation fully alleviated the condition. 

Mirekn-Boateng AO, Tasie B. Priapism associated with intracavernosal injection of cocaine. Urol Int 2001 67(1) 109-10. 

In 1933, Buchman and Richter (1933) showed that the experimental catatonia produced in monkeys by bulbocapnine could be terminated by the injection of cocaine. The animals behaved normally at once and did not return to the catatonic state. It is now thought that the primary mechanism of cocaine is to block the DAT, which increases the concentration of synaptic dopamine. The effect of dopamine on interneuronal signaling is increased. While taking amphetamine for several days damages dopaminergic neurons in the basal ganglia, cocaine leaves the caudate unscathed. 

Accidental subcutaneous injection of cocaine may cause localized necrotic ulcers ( coke bums ), and wound botulism (see p 136) has been reported. 

FIGURE 25-33 Dopamine release during cocaine selfadministration, Rats were trained to press a lever owhead) to receive a small intravenous Injection of cocaine. The lower trace shows changes in dopamine. Peak 1 indicates an increase in dopamine before the rat pressed the lever. The two peaks (2) indicate transients that occurred after the lever press. Underneath the trace, the dark blue bar marks the time the audiovisual cues associated with the lever press were on. The light blue bar indicales when the pump was activated to deliver cocaine. The cyclic voltammogram (black) of behaviorally evoked dopamine matches the electrically evoked voltammogram (blue). (Adapted with permission from P. E. M. Phillips, Nature, 2003, A22. 614.)... 

In many ways sympathin resembles adrenahne, the secretion of the suprarenal medulla. Both hormones are inactivated when mixed with eosin and exposed to ultra-violet irradiation. Both hormones, when conveyed by the blood stream, evoke acceleration of the heart beat, rise in blood pressure, salivation, and contraction of the nictitating membrane, spleen and pregnant uterus, in the cat. And both have their effects enhanced by previous injections of cocaine. 

---