Inhalation protection against

Vaccines For treatment, management is supportive. There is currently no vaccine or prophylactic antitoxin available for human use. The use of a protective mask is currently the best protection against inhalation if an attack is considered likely. 

Further indirect evidence of a role of lipid peroxidation in ozone toxicity has been obtained in studies in which animals deficient in vitamin E were found to be more susceptible to lethal concentrations of ozone and sublethal concentrations led to a more rapid utilization of this antioxidant vitamin. Although vitamin E deficiency potentiates the effects of ozone, it is not completely clear whether supranormal concentrations of vitamin E protect against ozone toxicity. Mice given tocopherol supplements were not protected against lethal concentrations of ozone, and the specific activity of lung hydrolases was found to be unrelated to dietary vitamin E concentration. However, other investigators have reported that additional supplementation with vitamin E above usual dietary concentrations lessens the extent of toxicity in animals that inhale ozone. ... 

Mechanism of Action An intratracheal respiratory inhalant that splits the linkage of mucoproteins, reducingtheviscosityof pulmonary secretions.Tiierapeutic Effect Facilitates the removal of pulmonary secretions by coughing, postural drainage, mechanical means. Protects against acetaminophen overdose-induced hepatotoxicity. Pharmacokinetics Protein binding 83% (injection). Rapidly and extensively metabolized in liver. Deacetylated by the liver to cysteine and subsequently metabolized. Excreted in urine. Half-life 5.6 hr (injection). 

An issue for inhaled corticosteroid treatment is patient compliance. Analysis of prescription renewals shows that corticosteroids are taken regularly by a minority of patients. This may be a function of a general "steroid phobia" fostered by emphasis in the lay press over the hazards of long-term oral corticosteroid therapy and by ignorance over the difference between corticosteroids and anabolic steroids, taken to enhance muscle strength by now-infamous athletes. This fear of corticosteroid toxicity makes it hard to persuade patients whose symptoms have improved after starting the treatment that they should continue it for protection against attacks. 

In addition to oral administration for hepatitis C infection in combination with interferon alfa, aerosolized ribavirin is administered by nebulizer (20 mg/mL for 12-18 hours per day) to children and infants with severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis or pneumonia to reduce the severity and duration of illness. Aerosolized ribavirin has also been used to treat influenza A and infections but has not gained widespread use. Systemic absorption is low (< 1%). Aerosolized ribavirin is generally well tolerated but may cause conjunctival or bronchial irritation. Health care workers should be protected against extended inhalation exposure. The aerosolized drug may precipitate on contact lenses. 

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