Infections disease, health care workers

Infection is spread person to person, usually via the fecal-oral route by animals, particularly cattle and sheep and through the environment, especially water. People at increased risk of contracting cryptosporidiosis include household and family contacts and sexual partners of someone with the disease, health care workers, day-are workers, users of public swimming areas, and people traveling to regions of high endemicity.3... 

Centers for Disease Control, Center for Infectious Diseases. 1987. Update human immunodeficiency virus infections in health-care workers exposed to blood of infected patients. Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep. 36 285-289. 

Patients with unexplained elevated ALT levels or evidence of liver disease Health care and public safety workers after an occupational exposure Children born to HCV-positive mothers Immigrants from countries with a high prevalence of HCV infection... 

Although administration of a combination of these drags does delay progress of the disease, they are not totally effective. Thus in health care workers who had been infected in work-related accidents, administration of the drags did not prevent the progression to AIDS. The use of a combination of drugs at the optimal doses for their action is known as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). 

On 22 May 1987 the Center for Disease Control (CDC), Atlanta, reported three cases which appear to fulfil the criteria for occupationally-acquired HIV infection. These were three health care workers who were splashed on the skin in 1986, one of whom was also splashed in the mouth, with blood from patients infected with HIV. At interview none had alternative risk factors to explain their infections, but unrecognised or forgotten needle-stick exposures cannot be excluded ... 

Smallpox spread slower than other viral rash illnesses like chickenpox and measles. When smallpox still occurred naturally, most people who became infected were close contacts of an index case, snch as household members, close friends and health care workers. Honsehold secondary attack rates were typically 50-60% (25). Larger ontbreaks in schools were nncommon. Two reasons for this are that that transmission did not occnr before rash onset and that the disease caused severe incapacitation. By the time of rash onset, victims were so ill that they did not attend school or go to other commnnity events where they might have exposed others. Secondary cases typically occnrred in hospital and household contacts. 

Centers for Disease Control Cooperative Needlestick Surveillance Group. Surveillance of health care workers exposed to blood from patients infected with human immunodeficiency vims. N. Engl. J. Med. 1988, 319, 1118-1123. 

Diseases caused by mycobacteria, such as tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium-intraceiiuiare complex, are of great concern to both health care workers and the public. Understanding the infectivity and pathophysiology of mycobacteria and the medicinal... 

Health care workers are at risk of tuberculosis (TB), hepatitis B and C viruses, and the humem immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Socieil service workers, corrections personnel, md other occupationed groups who work reguMy with populations having increased rates of TB may eilso face increased risk. Laboratory workers ace at risk of exposure to infectious diseases when working with infective materieil. 

---