Industry Standard Architecture

If you have a computer made before 1997, chances are the motherboard in your computer has a few Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) slots. They re easily recognizable as they are usually brown and have two parts, a shorter part and a longer part. Computers made after 1997 generally include a few ISA slots for backward compatibility with old expansion cards. 

EISA Acronym for Extended Industry Standard Architecture. A PC bus standard that extends the traditional AT-bus to 32 bits and allows more than one processor to share the bus. EISA has a 32-bit data path and, at a bus speed of 8MHz, can achieve a maximum throughput of 33 megabytes per second. 

IBM PS/2 A series of personal computers using several different Intel processors, introduced by IBM in 1987. The main difference between the PS/2 line and earlier IBM personal computers was a major change to the internal bus. Previous computers used the AT bus, also known as industry-standard architecture, but IBM used the proprietary micro channel architecture in the PS/2 line instead. Micro channel architecture expansion boards will not work in a computer using ISA. See IBM-compatible computer. 

ISA Abbreviation for industry-standard architecture. The 16-bit bus design was first used in IBM s PC/AT computer in 1984. ISA has a bus speed of 8MHz and a maximum throughput of 8 megabytes per second. EISA is a 32-bit extension to this standard bus. 

Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus (Mark Dean and Dennis Moeller) Dean and Moeller design the standard way of organizing the central part of a computer and its peripherals, the ISA bus, which is patented in this year. 

The IBM-PC bus was not designed as a bus, but as a means of connecting cards in the PC. The bus has been extended to 16 bits on the PC-AT and has been frequently used in industrial applications. It is a monoprocessor bus with few dedicated interrupt lines and two DMA channels available, now standardized under the name ISA (Industry Standard Architecture). The 32-bit bus extension EISA accepts ISA boards. 

When a PC is used in a measurement apphcation, one of the standard interfaces available with the PC is used for transfer of measurement data to the PC. Common standard interfaces in a PC are PC bus, parallel port, serial port, and USB. Internal PC bus, parallel port, and serial port have been used in many measurement apphcations. PC buses such as Industry Standard Architecture (ISA), Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA), NuBus, VME bus extensions for instrumentation (VXI), Versa Module Eurocard (VME), SBus, Micro Channel Architecture (MCA), and different versions of Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) buses were des ped for intercormection of computer subsystems and peripheral circuits within a computer. The buses are also made available for expansion of features of PCs, and connectors are provided on the motherboard. 

IBM -compatible computer Originally, any personal computer compatible with the IBM line of personal computers. With the launch of IBM s proprietary micro channel architecture in the PS/2 line of computers, which replaced the AT bus, two incompatible standards emerged, and so the term became misleading. Now, it is becoming more common to use the term industry-standard computer when referring to a computer that uses the AT or ISA bus, and the term DOS computer to describe any PC that runs DOS and is based on one of the Intel family of chips. 

The wide faces are planed to remove the adhesive that has squeezed out between adjacent laminations and to smooth out any small irregularities between the edges of adjacent laminations. Some additional finishing may be required following the industry standard, refer AITC 110 (AITC, 2001). Industrial appearance is applicable where appearance is not a primary concern, as in industrial plants and warehouses. Architectural appearance applies in most cases where appearance is important. Premium appearance is the highest classification. 

See Figure 13-2 for an example of how EMI suppression techniques are applied to dc-dc converters. We have shown an industry standard isolated brick (along with its external EMI filtering). The input to this particular module is a coarsely regulated 18 V-dc or -60 V-dc bus, forming part of a distributed power architecture for a data/telecom network. Its output is isolated and regulated (e.g. 3.3 V/50 A or 12 V/10 A etc). The -48 V-dc input is usually derived from an off-line telecom power supply (called a rectifier ). 

Industrial standards often define, in a prescriptive manner, the SIFs required to safely manage the process or equipment. For existing SIFs, omission of the SIL verification would only apply when the standard is prescriptive and clearly defines the required architectures and operation/maintenance practices necessary to implement the SIF(s). The scope and coverage of the standard should result in an SIS that provides safe process operation. 

Serial Peripheral Interface Bus (SPI) and Inter-Integrated Circuit Bus (IIC or fc or I2C) These are industry-standard input/output interfaces and are becoming more common in the FPA world as control interfaces to ROICs. Many embedded microprocessors implement these two interfaces in their architecture this makes them attractive for use in an ROIC. This can simplify the camera control electronics design since most cameras have embedded microprocessors in them already. 

IEEE SCC 36 Reviews, recommends and solicits the development of standards relevant to the gas, water, and electric utility industries on a worldwide basis with respect to utility communication architecture. This SCC coordinates standards-development activities with other relevant IEEE groups and sponsors standards-development activities that are appropriate to the needs of the utility industry. 

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