Indicators standards

Pyrocatechol Violet (tetraphenolictriphenylmethanesulfonic acid Na salt) [115-41-3] M 386.4, e 1.4 x 1(H at 445nm in acetate buffer pH 5.2-5.4, pKesi(i)>0 (SO3H), pK ,t(2) 9.4, pKEst(3) 13. It was recrystd from glacial acetic acid. Very hygroscopic. Indicator standard for metal complex titrations. [Mustafin et al. Zh Anal Khim 22 1808 1967.]... 

All cultures were grown with lOg 1 sugar under self-induced anaerobic conditions. Growth and PG activity were measured after 16 hrs. There was no growth on galacturonic acid, pectins, cellulose or rhamnose. indicates standard deviation. 

Figure 1. SDS-PAGE of purified RHG before (lane 1) and after (lane 2) treatment with N-glycanase. M indicates standard MW markers.

Fig. 2.1 Root growth (O) and accumulation of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) ( ) in hairy roots of N. benthamiana. TMV concentrations were measured by ELISA. The error bars indicate standard errors from four replicate shake-flask cultures.

Fig. 2.2 Stability of IgCi monoclonal antibody added to sterile plant and animal cell culture media. ( ) Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium (A) Dulbecco s minimal essential medium (DMEM) with 10% serum and (A) serum-free Ex-cell 302 medium. The error bars indicate standard errors from triplicate flasks. (Reproduced with permission, from B. M. -Y. Tsoi and P. M. Doran, Biotechnol. Appi. Bio-chem. 2002, 35, 171-180. Portland Press on behalf of the IUBMB.)...

The degree symbol indicates standard conditions. This means you should use 298 K as the temperature. 

Figure 23. Average CPT values as a function of applied potential. Bars indicate standard deviations. (Reprinted from Ref. 69 by permission of NACE International, Houston, Texas.)...

Figure 1. The effects of soil and macroalgal extracts on (a) highest cell concentration and (b) maximum growth rate of Gambierdiscus toxicus, grown in natural seawater (ESNW) medium (shaded bars) or in artificial seawater (ESAW) medium (open bars). Vertical brackets indicate standard errors. CNTL=controls (ES medium without, added extracts) SE soil extract DI=Dictyota extract CH=Chaetomorpha extract TU Turbinaria extract ...

Figure 94. Nitrogen content in different soils after 1 year from sample preparations. (Notes Soil 1 = control soil after lupine cropping, no canopy addition, stored as a large sample in a laboratory with a constant temperature of —15°C Soil 2 = soil identical to control with the lupine canopy and water addition (5 kg canopy, 13.5 kg standard soil, 201 water), stored as a large sample in the experimental area Soil 3 = soil identical to control 1 with lawn plant canopy (dominant species Poa, Festuca, Lolium) addition (5 kg canopy, 13.5 kg control soil and 201 of water), stored as a large sample in the experimental area Soil 4 = control soil after lupine cropping stored in natural conditions in the experimental area, stored as a part of natural soil Bars indicate standard deviations (SD)).

Figure 1. Chlorophyll content and fresh weight of the cucumber cotyledon pair. O == untreated plants, X = 4 hrs at 24 2 pphm ozone and held 24 hrs before assay. Vertical bars indicate standard direction of the mean.

Figure 5. Variation of element concentrations with particle size for 4> — 0.57, S = 0.14. Circles and left-facing error hors are from a heavily loaded LPI. Squares and right-facing error bars are from a lightly loaded impactor. Error bars indicate standard errors or lower detection limits. Broken lines are the element concentration in the bulk ash.

Figure 21. Rheological properties of nonextrusion textured (A) soy flour, (B) 25.5% succinylated soy flour, (C) 61.7% succinylated soy flour, and (D) 83% succinylated soy flour. The bars, indicating standard error, that do not overlap indicate a significant difference between the respective means atP 0.05.

The first quantity to consider is A HJ, which is the standard enthalpy of formation of a compound. It is the standard-state enthalpy H° of the compound minus the standard-state enthalpy of the elements from which the compound is formed. The superscript o indicates standard-state conditions, which for a gas is now taken to be a pressure of 1 bar. However, H° can be specified at any temperature, H = H°(T). 

Figure 8.2. Comparison between actual and measured values for analyses results obtained by computer and manually. (Solutions prepared by serial dilution fixed amount of internal standard added. (7)) o. From minicomputer system, x. Triangulation procedure (manual). +, Peak height procedure (manual). Size of symbol indicates standard deviation.

Inspection of the distribution plots and data revealed more variation in pulpwash than FCOJ, indicating standardization of Florida FCOJ products. However, there are many processing variables in orange pulp washing, such as number of, and mechanical... 

Fig. 10.5 Intact oligonucleotide in dogs after either intrajejunal (IJ) administration of a solution formulation (open symbols, 10 mg/kg) or oral administration of a tablet formulation (filled symbols, 15 mg/kg) of two oligonucleotide chemistries. ISIS-2302 (squares) is a phosphorothioate oligodeoxynu-cleotide ISIS-15839 (triangles) is a hemi-mer MOE derivative with the same sequence. Error bars indicate standard error.

Figure 6.9. Mean concentrations of dissolved species in Checker Reef pore waters and overlying seawater. Vertical bars indicate standard deviations. "FR" and "BK" refer to seawater samples from the fore and back reef stations. Other symbols refer to l-and-2 meter deep sampling stations across the reef (D is the midpoint of the reef). (After Sansone et al., 1990.)...

The symbol or ° is used to indicate standard. They are equally acceptable. Definitions of standard states are discussed below (p.53). Whenever a standard chemical potential i or a standard equilibrium constant K or other standard quantity is used, the standard state must be specified. 

The symbol or ° is used to indicate standard. They are equally acceptable. 

Designated by a "zero" or the letters "K" or "M" appearing in the last position of the grade number/letter sequence. The "M" series designation indicates standard chemical purity. 

Table 10.5 presents Sstd for several impellers for the indicated standard geometry. Zwietering s original S values have been greatly modified and supplemented by later investigators (which includes all the references cited under the Solids Suspension heading under references, except the Zwietering citation). f(C/T) and f(D/T)] are... 

Fig 8. Influence of phytohormones on alkaloid production by adventitious and hairy roots of Hyoscyamus aihus cultured in WP solid medium. Phytohormones were added either alone or in combination. Bars indicate standard error. 

Fig. 9. Alkaloid production in H. albus hairy roots MAFF 03-01724 cultured in different liquid media for 19 days. Numbers in brackets show the fresh weight. Bars indicate standard error.

Fig. 18 Effective density of carriers N b vs. the number of spin vortices. Error bars indicate standard deviations of Meir calculated from five nominally lowest energy states used in the calculations for Fig. 17...

Here, the superscript ° indicates standard-state conditions, and the subscript f... 

Metric Quantitative data - percent of workforce covered Core Indicator Standard injury, lost day, and absentee rates and number of work-related fatalities (including subcontracted workers)... 

Figure 6. Percent inhibition of the antiserum by methoprene. 50% inhibition of the assay can be seen at about 50 ng/mL. Vertical bars indicate standard error (n=3 for each point).

Figure 8. Methoprene treated-tobacco samples were extracted and the resulting residues were applied directly to the assay. The extracts contained materials which caused considerable interference with the assay. The competition of methoprene, in the absence of tobacco, was also plotted for comparison. Vertical bars indicate standard error (n=4 for each point).

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