INDEX 10-substituted derivatives

Liu M, Xie C, Xu W, Lu WY. Separation of polyethylene glycols and their amino-substituted derivatives by high-performance gel filtration chromatography at low ionic strength with refractive index detection. Journal of Chromatography A 1046, 121-126, 2004. 

Reference should also be made to a superdelocalizability index Sp derived within the frame of the simple FEMO model [35], Goodness of fit of correlations of SfE values with relative rate constants for electrophilic aromatic substitution was found to be comparable with those based on CNDO/2 calculations. 

At the changeover from the eighth to the ninth Collective Index periods (1972), the use of many older stem names was discontinued. These are all found in the older literature, and some can still be found in the literature today. The list in Table 3.3 equates many 9CI name fragments with those used in the SCI and earlier. An asterisk indicates that the name was used in SCI for the unsubstituted substance only substituted derivatives were indexed elsewhere. 

The new aniline dye companies in Europe displayed their wares at the 1862 London International Exhibition, where Hofmann, as juror, acquired a number of samples. They included a blue (7) discovered, almost by chance, by two French chemists working near London in 1861. It had first appeared when excess aniline was erroneously added to the aniline red reaction mixture. E. C. Nicholson in 1862 treated the aniline blue with sulfuric acid to yield a more valuable product, the soluble alkali blue, later better known as Cl [Colour Index] Pigment Blue 61. In May 1863, Hofmann found that the aniline blue was a substitution product of aniline red in which three phenyl groups had replaced three hydrogens (Scheme 2). This immediately suggested that other substituted derivatives might be made and perhaps even provide new aniline dyes. Alkylation with ethyl iodide showed that this was indeed correct. Hofmann achieved stepwise replacement of three hydrogens to afford colorants that were, successively, reddish violet, violet blue and then violet, what were soon known as the Hofmann s violets (8). Hofmann next turned to the aniline red process, and found that the colorant was formed not from aniline alone... 

The IR spectrum of the unsubstituted cydopropenylium ion exhibits only four bands at 3105, 1276, 908 and 736 cm , as expected from the Djij-symmetry. The band at 1276 cm is due to an E ring deformation vibration of the central three-membered ring, which is generally observed as a strong band in the range of 1400 to 1490 cm for the aryl- and alkyl-substituted derivatives (Table 2). The frequency of this band for the trimethyl-, tri-zc-rt-butyl, triphcnyl, and unsubstituted cydopropenylium ions exhibits a linear correlation with the index of the cation s thermodynamic stability such as For heteroatom-substituted derivatives... 

The electronic nature of the 3c-2e bonding of the 2-norbomyl cation and its 2,2-difluoro-substituted derivative (144) has been studied by Esteves and coworkers (B3LYP/6-311-I-I-G level). " The delocalization index (DI) and the C(l)-C(6) and C(l)-C(2) bond lengths (DI = 0.5 and 1.895 A, respectively, for each bond) clearly show the delocalized 3c-2e bonding. Data for the... 

To demonstrate the method, a representative GCV face labeled e in Fig 12.2 is considered. Analogous expressions can be derived for all faces by making appropriate index substitutions. 

Except for A22 and V, the form of the matrix element in the one- and two-step procedures are the same. The matrix elements of W, Aj 1, and B, may be derived from Eqs. (2.41) and (2.42) by index substitution. The excitation operators in these equations have singlet spin symmetry, since they arise in the operator 2, which must preserve the symmetry of 0> in forming exp(/A) 0>. These matrices can be expressed in terms of one- and two-electron integrals and the one- and two-electron density matrices as given below. Note that no more than two-electron density matrices appear in W, Ajj, and B ] ... 

Within the last two decades, a number of chemical structures have been proposed as metal deactivators for polyolefins. These include carboxylic acid amides of aromatic mono- and di-carboxylic acids and N-substituted derivatives such as N,N -diphenyloxamide, cyclic amides such as barbituric acid, hydrazones and bishydrazones of aromatic aldehydes such as benzaldehyde and salicylaldehyde or of o-hydroxy-arylketones, hydrazides of aliphatic and aromatic mono- and di-carboxylic acids as well as N-acylated derivatives thereof, bisacylated hydrazine derivatives, polyhydrazides, and phosphorus acid ester of a thiobisphenol. An index of trade names and suppliers of a few commercial metal deactivators is given in Appendix A4. 

The anthrapyrimidine sub-group of the polycyclic pigments are heterocyclic anthraquinones. 1,9-anthrapyrimidme, which is not used commercially, is the parent structure for this group this, and its substituted derivatives, are obtained by condensation of 1-aminoanthraquinone. The principal member is anthrapyrimidine yellow. Cl 68420/Pigment Yellow 108 Colour Index, 1971), a compound mainly used in paints (Herbst and Hunger, 1997). 

From the Table 2, it is clear that the unsubstituted mesoionic compounds (Compounds 1 and 7) are more reactive than their substituted derivatives. Global electrophilicity indexes of the instant molecules run hand-in-hand with their activities. From, the global reactivity parameters, it can be concluded that unsubstituted mesoionic compound containing oxygen atom at position 3 (Compound 7) is more reactive as compared to the unsubstituted mesoionic compound containing sulphur atom at position 3 (Compound 1). From the computed global DFT based reactivity parameters, the overall reactivity order of mesoionic compounds are nicely observed. 

The hydrophobicity index is also suitable for correlating the cM values of various substituted sodium alkane 1-sulfonates [68]. The perfluoroalkyl substituent, e.g., 8 17 has a pronounced hydrophobic effect (/ = 1.66 at 75°C, sodium salt), whereas the hydrophilic disulfonates have values distinctly below 1 (for a-disulfonates, / = 0.75 was derived [70]). Further, it was somewhat surprisingly shown that substituents like 1-hydroxymethyl, 3-hydroxyethoxy, or even the hydroxyethoxyethoxy groups have hydrophobic effects. 

Substituents replacing the hydrogen atom of an alcoholic hydroxy group of a saccharide or saccharide derivative are denoted as O-substituents. The 0- locant is not repeated for multiple replacements by the same atom or group. Number locants are used as necessary to specify the positions of substituents they are not required for compounds fully substituted by identical groups. Alternative periphrase names for esters, ethers, etc. may be useful for indexing purposes. For cyclic acetals see 2-Carb-28. 

Tervalent organophosphorus compounds containing one single P-N bond with the valency of each atom saturated by protons or carbons (but no other heteroatoms) have been known since their discovery by MichaeUs more than one century ago [ 1 ] and named indistinctly as aminophosphanes, phosphanamines, phosphazanes, or phosphinous amides. This last chemical nomenclature is the one used by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) for indexing these compounds and is also the one that best delimits the scope of this review those species derived from the parent H2P-NH2 (phosphinous amide in CAS nomenclature) by partial or total substitution of protons by hydrocarbon radicals (Table 1). 

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