Structural Index

Using the ideal gas law and the relationship (n — 1) oc p between refractive index n and density p leads us to the refractive index structure function. 

Recent developments and prospects of these methods have been discussed in a chapter by Schneider et al. (2001). It was underlined that these methods are widely applied for the characterization of crystalline materials (phase identification, quantitative analysis, determination of structure imperfections, crystal structure determination and analysis of 3D microstructural properties). Phase identification was traditionally based on a comparison of observed data with interplanar spacings and relative intensities (d and T) listed for crystalline materials. More recent search-match procedures, based on digitized patterns, and Powder Diffraction File (International Centre for Diffraction Data, USA.) containing powder data for hundreds of thousands substances may result in a fast efficient qualitative analysis. The determination of the amounts of different phases present in a multi-component sample (quantitative analysis) is based on the so-called Rietveld method. Procedures for pattern indexing, structure solution and refinement of structure model are based on the same method. 

The DnPont photopolymeric system consists of polymeric binder resins, e.g. PVA, PMMA, cellnlose acetates and styrene-acrylates, reactive acrylic monomers, e.g. aryloxy or alkoxy acrylates, a dye sensitiser and a radical or charge transfer photoinitiator, e.g. DEAW and HABI respectively (see Chapter 4, section 4.5.2), and plasticisers. The process for producing the refractive index structures is as follows ... 

Activity cliff, Structure-activity similarity maps, Structure-activity landscape index, Structure-activity... 

Bulk density of bed Bulk density of fines Product-to-fines ratio Mass median particle diameter Attrition resistance index Structure (x-ray diffraction)... 

Instrumental methods in chemistry have dramatically increased the availability of measurable properties. Any molecule can be characterized by many different kinds of data. Examples are provided by Physical measures, e.g. melting point, boiling point, dipole moment, refractive index structural data, e.g. bond lengths, bond angles, van der Waals radii thermodynamic data, e.g. heat of formation, heat of vaporization, ioniziation energy, standard entropy chemical properties, e.g. pK, lipophilicity (log P), proton affinity, relative rate measurements chromatographic data, e.g. retention in HPLC, GLC, TLC spectroscopic data, e.g. UV, IR, NMR, ESCA. 

Fischer, J.R. and Rarey, M. (2007) SwiFT an index structure for reduced graph descriptors in virtual screening and clustering./. Chem. Inf. Model., 47, 1341-1353. 

R Formula Index Structure Method (R =) Yield (%) References... 

Formu1 a R Index Structure Other Subst i tuents n Method (R) Yield C%) References... 

Formula Index Structure Substituents (Numbers indicate position on macrocycle)... 

Graded index structures allow greater control over fibre eharaeteristies. In these structures, the eore has a variable... 

Xs = absorption edge, 550 = refractive index, structure type in parentheses means minor quantity, in double parentheses means trace. 

Sparks, R. A. (1997). Twinning— programs for indexing, structure refinement and determining the relationship between the twin components. In Annual Meeting of the American Crystallographic Association, July 19-25, St. Louis, MI. 

The number and size of charges shown in indexed structures should be as small possible. If there are two or more representations which differ in the number or magnitude of charges on atoms, preference is given to the one with the fewest, smallest charges. 

Hybrid securities. Bonds that are made up of a combination of one or more securities, or which link their performance to the performance of another bond or asset, or an index Structured notes. Bonds that combine a bond with a derivative such as an interest rate swap, or bonds that are created from securitization transactions (see chapter 14)... 

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