Incomplete collective dose

The collective dose concept allows for extrapolation of the consequences from large scale introduction of nuclear power, which, in turn, establishes the need to ensure that the total annual dose stays within agreed safe limits. If it is assumed that fission power will be used for only about 1(X) y, the dose commitment integral may be limited to 100 y (sometimes called "incomplete collective dose"). 

The overall recovery of I +C-activity administered was 87.3% (intravenous dose) and 90.7% (oral dose). It seems likely that the less than complete recovery was primarily due to incomplete collection of urine and feces excreted by the animals. 

ARS2 dissolved in PBS was emulsified with an equal volume of Freund s complete or incomplete adjuvant. The emulsion was s.c. injected into male JW rabbits at an initial dose of 1.0 mg, followed by 0.5 mg injections every 2 weeks. Serum was collected 2 weeks after the last booster injection. 

The major advantage of using the urinary S R ratio as a phenotypic trait for assessing CYP2C19 activity is that the method is fairly robust with regard to any incompleteness of urine collection or noncompliance with respect to dose administration. This is because the R-enantiomer serves as an in vivo internal standard. On the other hand, the required enantiospecific assay uses chiral capillary column gas chromatography with a nitrogen-specific detector, and such instmmentation is not commonly available. For this reason, an alternative phenotypic trait measure based on the formation and urinary elimination of 4 -hydroxymephenytoin has also been frequently used. 

All treatments delivered fentanyl for the first 20 min of every hour for 24 h. The three IDDS treatments employed currents of 150, 200, and 250 pA, while the IV treatment infused 50 pg of fentanyl. Blood samples were collected, and serum fentanyl concentrations were measured using a specific radioimmunoassay. Plasma data collected during and immediately following the 1st, 13th, and 25th treatments are shown in Fig. 4. The gradual upward shifts in concentration over time indicate a baseline increase due to incomplete fentanyl clearance between the hourly doses. For all treatment types, serum fentanyl concentrations rapidly increased within a few minutes after the start of each dose. 

In dogs (1 per dose) that received 1, 12.5, or 25 mg/kg/day 2,4-DNP, 24-hour excretion of parent compound in the urine at 1,3, and 6 days of treatment was erratic (Kaiser 1964), raising the suspicion that collection may have been incomplete in some instances. Greater amounts of 2,4-DNP were excreted after the first than after subsequent doses. Excretion of metabolites was not investigated. 

Development of Hybridomas that Secrete Anti-TPT Antibodies. Approximately 100-pg KLH-TPT was dissolved in PBS and emulsified with an equal volume of Freund s incomplete adjuvant (Sigma, St. Louis, MO). Female Balb/c mice (Harlan, Indianapolis, IN) were immunized with 200-pL emulsion by i.p. injection every 3 weeks. Animals were bled via the saphenous vein 7 days after each dose of KLH-TPT. Whole blood was collected and centrifuged. The resulting plasma was used to assess anti-TPT activity via a previously validated HPLC assay [10]. Briefly, plasma was diluted with PBS and incubated with 250-ng/mL TPT for 2h. Free TPT... 

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