Inclusion compounds, chemistry

R. Xu, J. Chen, and S. Feng, New Families of M(III)X(V)04-type Microporous Crystals and Inclusion Compounds. Chemistry of Microporous Crystals. Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1991, 60, 63-72. 

Fig. 14. Choleic acid inclusion chemistry (a) crystal stmcture of DCA inclusion compound with phenanthrene (b) view along a DCA inclusion helix accommodating DMSO and water guest molecules (oxygen and sulfur atoms and methyl groups are represented by open circles and large and small black...

Another publication is the Index of Reviews in Organic Chemistry , complied by Lewis, Chemical Society, London, a classified listing of review articles. The first volume, published in 1971, lists reviews from 1960 (in some cases much earlier) to 1970 in alphabetical order of topic. Thus four reviews are listed under Knoevenagel condensation , five under Inclusion compounds , and one under Vinyl ketones. There is no index. A second volume (1977) covers the literature to 1976. Annual or biannual supplements appeared from 1979 until the publication was terminated in 1985. Classified lists of review articles on organometallic chemistry are found in articles by Smith and Walton and by Bruce.A similar list for heterocyclic chemistry is found in articles by Katritzky and others.See also the discussion of the Index of Scientific Reviews, page 1638. 

Investigations of cyanides and cyano complexes of Cd and Hg have augmented tremendously since about 1990, after detection of inclusion compounds of Cd(CN)2. A thorough review on transition-metal cyanides especially emphasizes the chemistry of inclusion compounds of both the Hofmann type (frameworks dominated by planar Ni(CN)4 building blocks) and the cyanocad-mate type (frameworks with tetrahedral Cd(CN)4 units).87 The structures of these inclusion compounds, but also of cyanides themselves, often topologically resemble the structures of minerals this aspect ( mineralomimetic chemistry ) is dealt with in a simultaneous survey.88 A more generic review of framework structures, with a section on cyanide inclusion compounds, is also to be mentioned.90... 

The fortuitous discovery that urea forms inclusion compounds with many unbranched organic molecules was first reported by Bengen in 1940 15). Structural studies by Schlenk 16) and by Smith 11 18> determined the now familiar canal structure of these materials. The chemistry of these compounds has been reviewed on a number of occasions 19-21), as have specific applications in chromatography22, their use in inclusion polymerisation 23,24), and studies of their thermodynamic25 and spectroscopic 26 properties. 

Well-developed applications 19-21) of urea inclusion compounds have been in the areas of detergents, dewaxing and petroleum chemistry. Some recent novel advances include the use of the peroxydodecanoic acid-urea inclusion compound in a laundry bleach product60 and in the purification of insect pheromones61 62. ... 

The reaction between starch and iodine (or iodine-iodide mixtures) to form an inclusion compound was first reported in 1814 by Colin and de Claubry 131) and has since become familiar to all chemists through its applications in analytical chemistry. Its deep blue colour (kmax 620 nm) has been known for years to result from a linear arrangement of polyiodide within a canal formed by a helical coil of amylose. The helical amylose structure will trap other molecules 132,1331 and other hosts will stabilise polyatomic iodide guests134> 135). 

Host-Ouest Chemistry m Hydrogen-Bonding Inclusion Compounds... 

One of the more important recent developments in organometallic aluminum chemistry has been the formation and isolation of low-coordinate compounds, and, in particular, cations. These were first prepared in reactions of various aluminum reagents with crown ethers to form the inclusion compounds known as liquid clathrates. 71,72 Most of the evidence supports the presence of ion pairs as the basis of the solvent inclusion effect. Indeed, the compound [AlMe2-18-crown-6]+[AlMe2Cl2] was isolated from one such system (the cation is shown in Figure 6(a)).73 This was the first time the Me2Al+ unit had been structurally characterized. 

It is expected that due to the discrepancy between Al(II) and Ga(l) as well as that between P(V) and As(V), the four families should behave differently to a certain degree in both structure and property. This paper will attempt to explore the structural features and the crystal chemistry of M(I)X(V)04-type microporous crystals and/or inclusion compounds on the basis of the new families GaPO s, AlAsO s and GaAsO s in combination with the well known AlPO s. 

We shall be discussing other types of inclusion compounds formed by layered graphite and Ta 2 as well as other varieties of hosts in Chapter 8, which deals with intercalation chemistry. 

Reviews, 1998, 98, (5) covers several aspects of CDs chemistry while the books listed below mainly present their applications (b) Comprehensive Supramolecular Chemistry, v. 3, J. Szejtli, Ed., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Elsevier, Oxford, 1996 J. Szejtli, Cyclodextrin Technology, Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1988 (c) Cyclodextrins and Their Industrial Uses, D. Duchene, Ed., Edition du Sante, Paris, France, 1987 New Trends in Cyclodextrins and Derivatives, D. Duchene, Ed., Edition du Sante, Paris, France. 1991 (d) W. Saenger, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1980, 19, 344 W. Saenger, in Inclusion Compounds, J. T. Atwood. J. E. D. Davies, D. D. MacNicol, Eds., v. 2, Academic Press. London, 1984, p. 231 K. Harata, ibid., v. 5, 1991, p. 311. 

FIGURE 17. Stereo packing illustration of the inclusion compound of 66t with EtOH (1/2). Reproduced by permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry from Reference 115... 

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