Incendiary gels

L. F. Fieser, USP 2606107 (1952) CA 47, 1392 (1953). Incendiary gels prepared by mixing light hydrocarbon fuels with thickening such as Al soap of a soap-forming carboxylic or unsatd fatty acid or the Al salt of such acids as the other component eg, gasoline 90,... 

H. R. Dittmar D. E. Strain, USP 2443378 (1948) CA 42, 6538 (1948). Incendiary gels containing a liquid hydrocarbon (such as gasoline, benzene, etc), 3% or less H20, some alkali fsurh as NH- NartH efrA 1 tn... 

Since the appearance of pyrogenic, extremely fine silica (0.015-0.020 particle size), commercially known as Cab-O-Sil and other tradenames, it has been possible to gel many liquids instantaneously by the addition of several percent of the powder. A stable, firm incendiary gel can be made from Stoddard Solvent with 8 % of Cab-0-Sil. The finest type (7 m/<) will even congeal liquid hydrogen. ... 

Capt W. A. Franta, Capt Harvie Barnard, and James S. Carson, Development of PTl Incendiary Gel (pyrogel). TDMR 1283, 2 Mar 48. 

Capt E. J. Schanta, Lt Bradley Dewey, Jr., and James S. Carson, PT-2 Incendiary Gels Thickened with Synthetic Rubber. TDMR 962, 22 Jan 45. (2) Capt Bradley Dewey, Jr., and James S. Carson, PT-3 Incendiary Gels Thickened with Synthetic Rubber. TDMR 1180, 21 Feb 46. 

Dapalm The aluminium soap of naphthenic and palmitic acids used to gel gasoline. The thickened gasoline has been used for military flame throwers and incendiary bombs. See metallic soaps. 

A1 soap in which about 50% of the org adds are derived from coconut oil, 25% from naphthenic acids and 25% from oleic acid. When stirred into gasoline at a temp range from 16—29°, M1 swells until the entire vol of gasoline becomes a more or less homogeneous gel M2 Thickener. A standard (for US Air Force) incendiary oil thickener. It is an intimate mixt of 95%Ml Thickener and 5% devolatilized silica... 

Incendiary Liquids and Gels. See under Incendiary Warfare and under Flame Thrower Liquids... 

The M-47 incendiary bomb weighed approx 70 lbs and consisted of a sheet-steel cylinder with a rounded nose and tail. It was 45" long and 8-1/8" in diameter and was filled with jellied gasoline. Originally, a Black Powder central burster was used, but it was not as satisfactory as the later model with a TNT-Tetryl burster, which was surrounded by white phosphorous used as the igniter for the gasoline gel. This bomb was initiated by a nose fuse... 

C. B. linn, USP 2881066 (1959) CA 53, 14522 (1959) claims incendiary fuels consisting of gels formed by the condensation of 2 moles of an aromatic hydrocarbon with a ketose and gel-formation in benzene. The condensation of d-fructose with 2 moles of toluene, in an autoclave with HF catalyst, is given as an example... 

ETN FI Fire bricks Fire gel Flash comp Erythritol tetranitrate Flash incendiary Homemade napalm... 

Gel for Incendiary Bombs. Addition of 8—15% lanostemlto petroleum hydrocarbons forms a solid gel suitable for use in incendiary bombs... 

Benzene, 50 parts may be gelled by adding potassium tridecylxanthate 3 parts naphtha 50 parts will further stabilize the gel. Possible uses are solid fuels, lubricants, military incendiaries hydraulic fractaring fluids. Addition of w, 3—5 S, will liquefy the gel... 

Ammunition, incendiary liquid or gel, with burster, expelling charge or propelling charge 0247... 

Liquid incendiary Solidified liquid or gel Solid incendiary... 

Some products obtained on condensation of hydrocarbons with carbohydrates are suitable as gelling agents for fiquids such as benzene, toluene, etc. The gels thus obtained are suitable as incendiary fuels for bombs) Y)R.E.Schaad,USP 2891852(1959)... 

PWP, Plasticized White Phosphorus. A finely divided WP suspended in gel of rubber and xylene. It is a smoke producing agent vrith side incendiary effects. Its action is similar to WP except that it is slower burning(Ref 36,p 29-41 Ref 54a,p 68). Both PWP and WP are Class C chemical agents Q. A chemical agent of specialized application (Ref 54a,p 68)(Its formula is secret)... 

R.S.P. Gel (Brit). An antipersonnel incendiary rnixt consisting of ordinary gasoline 76.1, crepe rubber 4.1, white P 15.0, CS2 2.8 and sawdust 2.0%. It was prepd by adding a nearly satd soln of white P in CS2 to a rubber-gasoline soln. The P was pptd in finely divided condition and sawdust was added to prevent the P from settling out... 

SDO (Synthetic Drying Oil). A commercial polymer of acetylene (such as SDO-80) which was evaluated as an incendiary mixt component during WWII. A typical mixt contg 1 p of SDO-80 was mixed with 2p of Na nitrate, and the material was exposed to the air with occasional stirring until it had absorbed sufficient oxygen (about 64% of its wt) to form a sticky brown-colored gel. The gel, when ignited, gave a burn time of brief duration and little incendiary value. It was considered to be about 1/10 as effective as a Mg bomb and 1/5 as effective as a gum incendiary mixt of that era. Its performance was comparable to that of thermite Refs 1) L.F. Fieser, OSRD 173 (1941)... 

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