In vitro biological methods

Schwartz, J.L. 1993. In vitro biological methods for determination of carotenoid activity. Methods Enzymol 214 226-256. 

Biological assay demonstrates that their activity exceeds that of retinoic acid in numerous test systems, both in vivo and in vitro. Biological methods will continue to be valuable tools for further improvement of these compounds, to guide further synthetic modification and development. Finally, the uniquely high biological activity of the retinoidal benzoic acid and naphthoic acid derivatives indicates that they will be valuable probes for future studies of mechanism of action of retinoids. 

Tyson, C.A. and Frazier, J.M. (1993). Methods in Toxicology In Vitro Biological Systems. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. 

Current research and development efforts have focused on the use of more biocompatible coatings to reduce the biological response of both intravascular and subcutaneous devices. These efforts are based on the expectation that such developments wfllbe critical to the ultimate success in developing implanted sensors that yield continuous analytical results that match closely with conventional in vitro test methods. One new approach in this direction employs novel nitric oxide (NO) release polymers to coat the surface of intravascular sensors.The potent antiplatelet activity of NO has been shown to greatly reduce the formation of thrombus on the surface of implantable electrochemical oxygen sensing catheters, and yield much more accurate continuous PO2 values in animal experiments. 

A description and results of all relevant in vivo and in vitro biological testing performed on the manufacturer s reference standard lot to show the potency and activity(ies) of the drug substance should be provided. Results of relevant testing performed on lots other than the reference standard lot, which might have been used in establishing the biological activity of the product, should also be included. The description and validation of the bioassays should include the methods and standards used, the inter- and intra-assay variability, and the acceptable limits of the assay. 

Gopi, D., Khartika, A., Nithya, S., Kavitha, L. (2014) In vitro biological performance of mineral substituted hydroxyapatite coating by pulsed electrodeposition method. Mater. Chem. Phys., 144 (1-2), 75-85. 

Another Lauraceae is Laurus nobilis (laurel). The EO obtained from the leaves of wild grown shrubs is characterized by a very high content of eugenol. The biological activities, especially the antioxidative properties, of the extract were studied in different in vitro test methods. The scavenging capacity in the DPPH assay yielded an IC50 value of 0.113 mg/mL. Also the P-carotene bleaching test of the nonpolar fractions was able to protect the lipids from oxidation. After an incubation... 

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