In Archaeology

Other important areas of mass spectrometric investigation of isotope ratios need accurate, not approximate values. For example, for some investigations in archaeology, pharmaceuticals, and chemistry, very accurate precise ratios of isotope abundances are needed. 

M. J. Aitken, Science-based Dating in Archaeology, Longman, London, 1990. 

As indicated above, the bicarbonate ion inhibits the process, which does not occur, therefore, in many supply waters attack is most likely in waters which by nature or as a result of treatment have a low bicarbonate content and relatively high chloride, sulphate or nitrate content. The number of points of attack increases with the concentration of aggressive anions and ultimately slow general corrosion may occur. During exposure of 99-75% tin to sea-water for 4 years, a corrosion rate of 0-0023 mm/y was observed . Corrosion in soil usually produces slow general corrosion with the production of crusts of oxides and basic salts this has no industrial importance but is occasionally of interest in archaeological work. 

Harbottle, G. Neutron Activation Analysis in Archaeological Chemistry. 157,57-92 (1990). 

Schoeninger, M.J. and Moore, K. 1992 Bone stable isotope studies in archaeology. Jowrtta/ of World Prehistory 6 247-296. 

O Connell, T.C. 1996 The isotopic relationship between diet and body proteins implications for the study of diet in archaeology. Ph.D. dissertation. University of Oxford. 

Paleodietary Analysis in Archaeology. New York, Plenum Press. 

Quantifying Histological and Chemical Preservation in Archaeological Bone... 

In addition, our results suggest that removal of hpids improves both yield characteristics and elemental characteristics. Recent work by Liden et al. (1995) suggests that the methanol-chloroform method used here is more effective than other methods, such as treatment with NaOH solution, or the maintenance of an acidic environment and ultrafiltration of products during collagen extraction. It is speculated that the presence of hpids in archaeological bone samples may interfere with the acid hydrolysis of protein during... 

Schoeninger, M.J., Moore, K.M., Murray, M.L. and Kingston, J.D. 1989 Detection ofbone preservation in archaeological and fossil samples. Applied Geochemistry 4 281-292. 

Grupe, G. and Turban-Just, S. in preparation Proteins in archaeological human bone. 

Volume 2 CHRONOMETRIC DATING IN ARCHAEOLOGY Edited by R.E. Taylor and Martini. Aitken... 

This volume is the fifth in the Advances in Archaeological and Museum Science series by the Society for Archaeological Sciences (SAS). The piupose of this series is to provide siunmaries of advances in various topics in archaeometry, archaeological science, environmental archaeology, preservation technology, and museum conservation. 

All chapters in this volume have been reviewed by the editors, one external reviewer chosen by the editors, and two external reviewers chosen by the editorial board of the series on Advances in Archaeological and Museum Science. We are grateful to these reviewers for their careful reading of the contributions and for their suggestions for revisions. The editors were also the organizers of the Fourth Advanced Seminar. 

In the book edited by Ivanovich and Harmon (1992), Schwarcz and Blackwell (1992) provided an extensive review of U-series dating in archaeology, which at that time focused on the dating of calcite deposits using and Thr U disequilibria. U-... 

Pike AWG, Hedges REM (2001) Sample geometry and U-uptake in archaeological teeth implications for U-series and ESR dating. Quat Sci Rev 20 1021-1025... 

Figure 5.9. Examination of segregation bands of arsenic in copper in archaeological artefacts...

The nature and the relative amounts of the impurities in many natural and in some synthetic materials, are often characteristic of the geographic area where the materials occur or were made. This is of particular interest in archaeological studies, since determining the nature and the relative amounts of impurities in many materials allows one to determine their provenance (Maniatis 2004 Guerra and Calligaro 2003). 

PHYSICAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS FREQUENTLY USED IN ARCHAEOLOGICAL STUDIES... 

Mossbauer spectroscopy is an analytical technique that, in archaeological ceramic studies, provides information on the condition and characteristics of the compounds of iron in pottery. Using the technique makes it possible to determine the relative amounts of the different (ferrous and ferric) ions of iron and hence to ascertain the firing conditions of the pottery at the time it was made. The technique involves irradiating a sample of pottery with gamma rays and then assessing the amount of radiation absorbed by the nuclei of the ions of iron within the pottery (Feathers et al. 1998 Bearat and Pradell 1997). 

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