Impingement definition

Pitting may be defined as a limiting case of localised attack in which only small areas of the metal surface are attacked whilst the remainder is largely unaffected, and this definition is applicable irrespective of the mechanism involved dezincification, crevice corrosion and impingement attack can all result in pitting, although the mechanisms of these three processes are quite different. 

A review is presented here of certification approaches, followed by several of the major agencies and individual developers of RMs for chemical composition, addressing some of the many associated scientific aspects that significantly impinge on the conduct and outcome of the analytical characterization exercises. These include definition of analytical methods selection of analytical methodologies, analysts and laboratories in-house characterization and cooperative inter-laboratory characterization. 

Lorenz replied to his critics in his 1961 paper Phylogenetische Anpassung und adaptive Modifikation des Verhaltens. It was translated for Chicago University Press as Evolution and Modification of Behavior (1965). He presented a definition of the innate as the phylogenetically adapted, pointing out that adaptations mirror facets of the objective world impinging on the organism s fitness. 

Fig. 2. Stopping cross section for protons impinging on oriented H2O as a function of proton velocity. See Fig. 1 for the definition of target orientations.

The development of methods for the use of MAP in wound repair required two parallel sets of definitions. The first involved MAP itself with the investigation of concentrations of protein and ratios of crosslinking catalyst that yielded sufficient bond strengths. The second was the choice of model systems and the analysis of tissue-related parameters that impinged on adhesion testing. The complexity of tissues necessitated that special attention be given to many details so that reliable test data could be obtained. 

By removing the restriction that all the participating bodies must be solid the scope of the definition can be extended to include cases such as the removal of material by impingement of a liquid, either as a stream or in discrete drops. Some semantic disagreements arise between this extended sense of the definition of wear and traditional points of view, but these do not affect the application of the definition to the behavior of solid bodies. 

The basic definition of an effective medium is that the ESU, when embedded in the effective medium, should not be detectable in an experiment using electromagnetic measurement. In other words, the extinction of the ESU should be the same as if it were replaced with a material characterized by Ceff. This criterion makes it fruitful to use a recently derived [12] optical theorem for absorbing media it relates the extinction of the spherical cell compared to that of the surrounding medium with the scattering amplitude in the direction of the impinging beam S(0) (forward scattering amplitude) by... 

For the Hertz-Knudsen model and the definition of the condensation coefficient we follow Hill [4]. The bombardment of small droplets by vapor molecules is described by the impingement rate... 

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