Impedance silver-oxide batteries

The impedance of a zinc/silver oxide battery is influenced primarily by the conductive diluents in the cathode, the barrier resistivity and the electrolyte type and concentration. These factors are balanced by battery manufacturers to obtain the desired values required to meet the applications. As the cell is discharged, the impedance will decline as the resistive silver oxide is reduced to conductive metallic silver (Fig. 12.13). 

These batteries have a nominal voltage of 1.5 V and can therefore be used as replacements for aqueous batteries having a similar voltage. Button-type Li/FeS2 batteries were manufactured as a replacement for zinc/silver oxide batteries but are no longer marketed. They had a higher impedance and a slightly lower power capability but were lower in cost and had better low-temperature performance and storability. 

The AC impedance of the silver oxide batteries is highly dependent on the frequency of the load, with the impedance rising sharply above 5 kHz. The impedance of a six-cell, 350-Ah silver-zinc battery, discharged to approximately 50% DOD, is shown in Fig. 33.14, and the corresponding phase angle is shown in Fig. 33.15. ... 

Bergman, G.M. and E.S. Takeuchi. 1989. Voltage delay and complex impedance characteristics of a high-rate lithium/silver-vanadium oxide multiplate battery. J. Power Sources. 26 365-367. 

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