Immunoinflammatory response

Thl profile indicating that Bv8/PK2 plays a role in immunoinflammatory responses. Blockade of PKRs may represent a novel therapeutic strategy in acute and inflammatory pain conditions. 

The demonstration that resident epidermal Langerhans ceils and the dendritic cells into which they develop are important sources of IL-6 explains the induction of cutaneous immunoinflammatory responses. Human epidermal ker-atinocytes are induced to secrete IL-6 and co-stimulate T-lymphocyte proliferation by a CD40-dependent mechanism, amplifying inflammatory processes in the skin. The rapid response in the expression of LIF and IL-6 genes after injury suggests that these cytokines act as trauma factors but with different roles in injured peripheral nerve, ... 

Because of its multiple effects on immunoinflammatory response, recombinant IL-12 has been shown to have therapeutic activity in a variety of mouse tumor and infectious disease models and is being evaluated in clinical trials in human cancer patients. IL-12 also appears to play a role in the genesis of some forms of immunopathology, including endotoxin-induced shock and some autoimmune diseases associated with aberrant Thl activity. Therefore IL-12 antagonists may also have therapeutic potential in the treatment of autoimmune disorders. In addition, intraocular injection of IL-12 significantly inhibited the development of endotoxin-induced intraocular inflammation, suggesting that IL-... 

In general, the quantities of TNFP synthesized are much less than those of TNFa. Consequently, TNpp is not easily detected in the circulation and is usually considered a locally acting paracrine factor and not a mediator of systemic injury. Like TNFa, it has many biological functions, from stimulation of fibroblasts and killing of tumor cells to modulation of immunoinflammatory responses. However, TNFa is a potent paracrine and endocrine mediator of immunoinflammatory reactions. It is also known to regulate growth and differentiation of a wide variety of types of cells and to be cytotoxic (especially in combination with IFNy) for many transformed cells. In vivo it promotes necrosis of murine sarcomas. 

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