Imides from anhydrides

Chandrasekhar, S., Padmaja, M.B. and Raza, A., Solid phase-solid state synthesis of N alkyl imides from anhydrides, Synlett, 1999, 1597-1599. 

Subst. dicarboxylic acid imides from anhydrides GO/ ... 

Ammonium carbonate Dicarboxylic acid imides from anhydrides... 

The problem of the nucleophilicity of amides in glycosylation reactions is not limited to the sulfoxide method and has been shown to result in the formation of glycosyl imidates from intermolecular reaction with activated donors. It appears that this problem may be suppressed by the prior silylation of the amide [348,349]. Accordingly, it may be sufficient to operate the sulfoxide method with an excess of triflic anhydride when amides are present so as to convert all amides into O-triflyl imidates, which are then hydrolyzed on work-up. Despite these problems, several examples have been published of successful sulfoxide glycosylation reactions with acceptors carrying remote peptide bonds [344,345] and with donors coupled to resins via amide-based linkages [346,347], with no apparent problems reported. Sulfonamides and tertiary amides appear to be well tolerated by the sulfoxide method [340,350],... 

The preparation of imides from reaction of isocyanates with anhydrides dates back to the early days of organic chemistry [96]. With the advent of polyimide chemistry in the early 1960s, this chemistry was soon explored for the synthesis of polyimides. However, in contrast to the preparation of polyimides via thejr poly(amic acid) intermediate, the reaction of aromatic dianhydrides with aromatic diisocyanates is much less understood. The reaction of aromatic dianhydrides with aliphatic or aromatic diisocyanates is believed to form a cyclic seven-membered intermediate which then splits out C02 to form the polyimide [97], see Scheme 27. The addition of water, which has been reported to accelerate the anydride/isocyanate reaction, can result in several transformations of either the anhydride or the isocyanate reagent, see Scheme 28... 

Important method for preparation of cyclic imides from cyclic anhydrides. 

Perchloric acid supported on silica is a useful catalyst for carbamoylation of alcohols and phenols under solvent-free conditions (ROH + NaOCN)/ and sulfuric acid on silica catalyzes formation of imides from nitriles and acid anhydrides. ... 

The imide from which the salt (LVI) is derived is the oxygen analog of the imide corresponding to the silver salt (XLVII). Its probable mode of formation entails initially the loss of ammonia and HOSN from two molecules of HN (SONH2)2. The resulting trimeric thionyl imide then tends to form its anhydride... 

FIGURE 4.20 Synthesis of polyamide-imides from trimellitic anhydride and (a) diamine, (b) diisocyanate, and (c) diurethane. 

W. G. Kim and A. S. Hay. Synthesis of soluble poly(ether imides) from bis(ether anhydrides) containing bulky substituents. Macromolecules, 26 5275-5280,1993. 

Acetic anhydride/sodium acetate Dicarboxylic acid imides from dicarboxylic acid monoamides... 

Subst. dicarboxylie acid imides from dicarboxylie acid anhydrides... 

A. Ghosh, S. Banerjee, B. Voit, New silicone grafted copoly(ether imide) from 4,4 -(hexa-fiuoro-isopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride, J. Macromol. Sci. Part A Pure Appl. Chem. 47 (11)(2010) 1069-1074. 

N-Aminodicarboxylic acid imides from dicarboxylic acid anhydrides N-Decarbo- err-butoxylation... 

Diearboxylic acid imides from diearboxylic acid anhydrides via diearboxylic acid monoamides Reagent for conjugated dienes... 

PTCA (10) is synthesized from PTCI (6) by hydrolysis in concentrated sulfuric acid at temperatures in excess of 200 °C. A number of by-products are typically present, including sulfonated perylenes and the half imide, half anhydride (11). 

---