Imaging measurements

Figure Bl.19.10. These images illustrate graphite (HOPG) features that closely resemble biological molecules. The surface features not only appear to possess periodicity (A), but also seem to meander across the HOPG steps (B). The average periodicity was 5.3 1.2 mn. Both images measure 150 mn x 150 mn. (Taken from [43], figure 4.)...

Jordan C E and Corn R M 1997 Surface piasmon resonance imaging measurements of eiectrostatic biopoiymer adsorption onto chemicaiiy modified goid surfaces Ana/. Chem. 69 1449-56... 

Several diameter definitions are used in particle image measurements (Fig. 7). Martin diameter, the chord length which divides the projected particle into two equal areas with respect to a fixed dkection (29) Feret diameter, the projected length with respect to a reference dkection (30) and the diameter of equivalent surface area, the diameter of a ckcle the area of which is equivalent to the projected area of the particle in question (3). 

Y.C. Chen and R. Bilger 2001, Simultaneous 2-D imaging measurements of reaction progress variable and OF radical concentration in turbulent premixed flames Instantaneous flame front structure. Combust. Sci. Tech. 167 187-222 (more informations through www.infor-maworld.com). 

K. L. McCarthy, L. Odberg, R. L. Powell 1994, (Turbulent pipe-flow studied by time-averaged NMR imaging - measurements of velocity profile and turbulent intensity), Magn. Reson. Imag. 12, 923. 

In the mid-1980s, Fenske et al. (1986a,b 1993) described the use of fluorescent compounds coupled with video-imaging measurements to produce exposure estimates over virtually the entire body. The technique has been applied to pesticide mixers and applicators by Fenske and his coworkers, but has not been widely used by other investigators. 

In Spectral Methods in Food Analysis (M.M. Mossoba, ed.), pp. 1-88. Dekker, New York. Eads, T.M. and Axelson, D.E. 1995. Nuclear cross relaxation spectroscopy and single point imaging measurements of solids and solidity in foods. In Magnetic Resonance in Food Science (P.S. Belton, F Delgadillo, A.M. Gil, and G.A. Webb, eds), pp. 230-242. Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, UK. 

Clegg, R. M., Holub, O., and Gohlke, C. 2003. Fluorescence lifetime resolved imaging Measuring lifetimes in an image. Methods in Enzyntology 360 509 2. 

As described in the previous section, the femtosecond fluorescence up-conversion microscope enabled us to visualize microscopic samples based on position-depen-dent ultrafast fluorescence dynamics. However, in the imaging measurements using the fluorescence up-conversion microscope, XY scanning was necessary as when using FLIM systems. To achieve non-scanning measurements of time-resolved fluorescence images, we developed another time-resolved fluorescence microscope. 

Jordan, C. E. and Corn, R. M. (1997) Surface plasmon resonance imaging measurements of DNA hybridization adsorption and strepta-vidin/DNA multilayer formation at chemically modified gold surfaces. Anal. Chem. 69, 1449-1456. 

Brockman, J. M., Nelson, B. P. and Corn, R. M. (2000) Surface plasmon resonance imaging measurement of ultrathin organic films. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 51, 41-63. 

Lee, H. J., Nedelkov, D. and Corn, R. M. (2006) SPR imaging measurements of antibody arrays for the multiplexed detection of low molecular weight protein biomarkers. Anal. Chem. 78, 6504-6510. 

Methodology Six samples were analyzed three passed the dissolution test (good samples) and three failed (bad samples). Several ingredients were used as references Avicel (cellulose), the API, magnesium stearate, and poloxamer. Dissolution was tested after NIR imaging measurement to obtain the wet chemical references. 

Figure 10.3 Definition of geometrical parameters for a CMA shown for the case of off-axis focusing of a point source (Q). Rt and Ra are the radii of the inner and outer field cylinders, respectively 4, is the radial image distance to the inner cylinder (in analogy, one can introduce a radial source distance ds, in the present case one has ds = R,) z is the total distance between source and image measured along the symmetry axis of the analyser zf is the corresponding distance for the field region is the entrance angle into the analyser (due to symmetry properties this is equal to the exit angle).

Radiopharmaceuticals are widely used in medical practice either for diagnosis or for treatment of disease. These techniques are useful in case of failures with contrast media, ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), or external irradiation. Interestingly, monoclonal antibodies have been tagged with radionucleotides. To obtain the desired precision and accuracy of image measurement, only small quantities are used. 

Fig. 12.1. a Schematic diagram of the experimental setup (1) the off-axis //3 parabolic mirror, (2) the laser beam, (3) the specially designed pulsed conical nozzle, (4) the cluster gas jet, (5) the focusing spectrometer with the spherically bent mica crystal, (6) the vacuum-compatible X-ray CCD camera, (7) the ion detector for TOF measurements, b Typical X-ray CCD image measured at an intensity of... 

Fig. 4.8. Lesion development in permanent middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion in a rat measured by repeated MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). Left column Control condition pre-occlusion in coronal slices from posterior (top) to anterior (bottom). The arrow marks the timepoint of occlusion. Images shown in columns 2 to 7 are DWI (subtraction images) measured 30 to 330 min post-occlusion. Note the lesion growth and the increase in signal intensity within the lesion. (Courtesy Dr. M. Hoehn, Cologne)...

Li, K. C., R.L. Dalman, I.Y. Chen, L.R. Pelc, C.K. Song, W.K. Moon, M.I. Kang, and G.A. Wright (1997). Chronic mesenteric ischemia use of in vivo MR imaging measurements of blood oxygen saturation in the superior mesenteric vein for diagnosis. Radiology 204 71-77. 

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