Image intensity profile

Figure 21. Image intensity profile at the edge of an opaque line in a grating of 10 um lines and spaces.

Digital subtraction of equations (1) from (2) produces a correlation image, or shearogram. For normal illumination and viewing, the intensity profile /, of the image is given by... 

The crater surfaces obtained in the LA-TOF-MS experiment on the TiN-TiAlN-Fe sample were remarkably smooth and clearly demonstrated the Gaussian intensity distribution of the laser beam. Fig. 4.45 shows an SEM image of the crater after 100 laser pulses (fluence 0.35 J cm ). The crater is symmetrical and bell-shaped. There is no significant distortion of the single layers. Fig. 4.45 is an excellent demonstration of the potential of femtosecond laser ablation, if the laser beam had a flat-top, rather than Gaussian, intensity profile. 

After the preamplifier, the beam is expanded to 2 mm, collimated and imaged onto a 1 mm aperture, producing a flat-top intensity profile. A 3-element telescope relays the aperture plane to the amplifier with a collimated 0.5-mm diameter. The telescope contains a spatial filter pinhole. The nominal power levels are 3 mW into the preamp, 500 mW out of the preamp and 200 mW out of the aperture. A 6° angle of incidence bounce beam geometry is utilized in the amplifier cell. The "bounce" foofprinf overlaps with the 4 pump beam fibers, arranged in 2 time sefs of 13 kHz. The pump fibers have f 50-60% fransmission. The amplifier brings the power up to < 20 W at 26 kHz. 

Fig. 12.10 (a) SEM image of the circular Bragg nanocavity designed to support the m 0 mode in the 300 nm wide central pillar, (b) The evolution of the emitted spectrum from the device shown in Fig. 12.9a as a function of the pump intensity. Inset L L curve, indicating a lasing threshold of Pth 900 pW. (c) Calculated modal intensity profile of the nanocavity, (d) IR image of the emitted beam profile... 

Fig. 8 Emission from formaldehyde-fixed NIF13T3 cells loaded with 100 mM silver nitrate for 20 h. (a) Fluorescence image the inset is the intensity profile along the line drawn across the cell, (b) Merge of (c) and (d). (c) Emission from RNASelect fluorescence (green channel) (d) Emission from silver clusters (red channel)-, Scale bar 30 pm [57]...

Figure 4. Principle of Fourier synthesis in one dimension. In this simple example of a Fourier series with cosine waves we need to know the amplitude A and the index h for each wave. The index h gives the frequency, i.e. the number of full wave trains per unit cell along the a-axis. The left row of images shows how the intensity within the unit eell ehanges for each Fourier component. The last image at the bottom gives the result after superposition of the waves with index /z = 2 to 10 (areas with high potential are shown in black, brighter areas in the map indicate low potential). The corresponding intensity profiles along the a-axis for one unit cell are shown in the middle row. The ripples in the profile of the Fourier sum arise from the limited number of eomponents that have been used in the synthesis (termination errors). If the...

It is readily apparent that a mask consisting of equal lines and spaces constitutes a diffraction grating and when uniformly illuminated will produce a diffraction pattern similar to that just discussed with an intensity profile depending on the grating period ( ), the wavelength (X) and the position of the image plane. This will be discussed in more detail later. 

FIGURE 5.10 (a) Prototype CARS endoscope image of 0.75-(xmpolystyrene beads embedded in agarose gel spin-coated on a coverslip (Ar = 2845 cm ). The image dimension is 29 (xm x 29 Xm (128 x 128 pixels). The pump and Stokes powers at the sample were 80 mW each, with a pixel dwell time of 1 ms. (b) CARS intensity profile along the white line in (a). The CARS contrast decreased when the system was tuned off the resonance maximum. 

Fig. 6.11. Temporally and spatially resolved CARS signal from a l- lm polystyrene sphere embedded in water at a Raman shift centered at 3054 cm 1 where aromatic C-H stretching vibrations reside. A Measured and simulated decay curves when focused on the bead and into bulk water. B RFID images and the lateral intensity profiles along the lines indicated by the arrows at time 0 and r 370 fs, demonstrating the complete removal of nonresonant background contributions from both the object and the solvent to the image contrast at r w 370fs (Adapted from [64])...

Figure 1.14 Two-dimensional power spectra of various mixing chamber images for the electrokinetic instability micro mixer, second-generation device, (a) Large frequency components along the vertical direction owing to the initial layered distribution of the dye. (b) Larger spatial frequencies are introduced by the EKI stirring within the chamber, (c) The attenuation of large spatial frequencies corresponds to a nearly homogeneous intensity profile [25] (by courtesy of ACS).

Figure 1. Phase identification using Si/Al ratio images, a) silicon b) aluminum c) Si/Al ratio image d) Si/Al intensity profile e) selection of intensity cut-offs f) "semi-quantitative" phase map...

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