Ignition temperature metal azides

According to various authors, the ignition temperature of lead azide ranges from 327 to 360°C. When a test sample is dropped onto a metal plate instant explosion ensues if the temperature of the plate is 380°C or higher. The ignition temperature of lead azide is the highest ignition temperature of an explosive ever to have been observed. 

Metal Azides. Vapor with silver or sodium azide forms explosive bromine azide.10 Metals. Impact-sensitive mixtures are formed from lithium or sodium in dry bromine.11 Potassium, germanium, antimony, and rubidium ignite in bromine vapor.12 Violent reaction occurs with aluminum, mercury, or titanium.13 Methanol. Vigorously exothermic reaction on mixing the liquids.14 Nonmetal Hydrides. At room temperature, violent explosion and ignition occur with silane and its homologs15,16 and with germane.17... 

Organic azides also show remarkable lower ignition temperatures in comparison to inorganic metal azides. Most of the organic azides decompose at approx. 180°C. 

To test the theory that metal deposited on the surface of lead azide would act as an electron trap, Reitzner et al. [6] deposited silver on the surface of lead azide. A sensitization was found for both slow and explosive decomposition. Lead nuclei are produced on the surface of lead azide by the action of ultraviolet light with the concomitant production of nitrogen. It has been postulated that the lead nuclei behave at elevated temperatures as electron sinks during the induction period and account for the observed shortened ignition delays [4,7]. 

AMMONIA GAS (7664-41-7) Anhydrous, compressed gas or cryogenic liquid. Difficult to ignite, but can detonate in confined spaces in fire. Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids (nitric, hydrochloric, sulfuric, picric, hydrobromic, hydrochlorous, etc.). Shock-, temperature-, and pressure-sensitive compounds are formed with antimony, chlorine, germanium compounds, halogens, heavy metals, hydrocarbons, mercury oxide, silver compounds (azides, chlorides, nitrates, oxides). Fire and/or explosions may be caused by contact with acetaldehyde, acrolein, aldehydes, alkylene oxides, amides, antimony, boron, boron halides. 

EXPLOSION and FIRE CONCERNS noncombustible slightly volatile at ordinary temperatures NFPA rating (not rated) may explode on contact with 3-bromopropyne, ethylene oxide, lithium, peroxyfonnic acid, and chlorine dioxide vapor ignites on contact with boron diiodophosphide reacts violently with acetylenic compounds, metals, chlorine, chlorine dioxide, methyl azide, and nitromethane incompatible with acetylene, ammonia, chlorine dioxide, azides, calcium, sodium carbide, lithium, rubidium, and copper heating to decomposition emits toxic fumes of Hg use water spray, fog, or foam for firefighting purposes. 

The decomposition of self-reactive substances can be initiated by heat, contact with catalytic impurities (e.g. acids, heavy-metal compounds, bases), friction or impact. The rate of decomposition increases with temperature and varies with the substance. Decomposition, particularly if no ignition occurs, may result in the evolution of toxic gases or vapours. For certain self-reactive substances, the temperature must be controlled. Some self-reactive substances may decompose explosively, particularly if confined this characteristic may be modified by the addition of diluents or by the use of appropriate packagings. Some self-reactive substances bum vigorously. Self-reactive substances include some of the following types of compounds aliphatic azo compounds (-C-N=N-C-) organic azides (-C-N3) diazonium salts (-CN2 Z ) N-nitroso compounds (-N-N=0) and aromatic sulphohydrazides (-SO2-N-NH2). ICAO 2-4.1.3.2, lATA 3.4.1.2.4... 

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