IAEA International Atomic waste

IAEA, International Atomic Energy Agency, Immobilization of Low and Intermediate Level Radioactive Wastes with Polymers, Technical Reports Series No. 289, Vienna (1988)... 

IAEA, International Atomic Energy Agency, Immobilization of Low and Intermediate Level Radioactive Wastes with Polymers, Technical Reports Series No. 289, Vienna (1988) lAPWS, Guideline on the Henry s Constant and Vapor-Liquid Distribution Constant for Gases in H2O and D2O at High Temperatures, The International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam, Kyoto, Japan (2004)... 

Radioactive Waste Management A.n IAEA. Source Book, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria, 1992. 

To address the technology, waste, safety and security issues concerning nuclear energy, the UN established the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 1957, a few years after U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower s famous Atoms for Peace speech before the United Nations General Assembly. 

Beninson, D., Vander Elst, E. and Cancio, D. (1966). Biological aspects in the disposal of fission products in surface waters, page 337 in Disposal of Radioactive Wastes into Seas, Oceans and Surface Waters, IAEA Publication No. STI/PUB/126 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna). 

As part of this study, proposed radioactive waste classification systems that differ from the existing classification system in the United States were reviewed and evaluated. Of particular interest is the classification system currently recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). This classification system and the disposal options for each waste class are summarized in Table 1.2. The basic waste classification system consists of exempt waste, low-and intermediate-level waste, and high-level waste. 

This Section discusses the historical development and current approaches to classification and disposal of radioactive waste. Classification and requirements for disposal of different radioactive wastes in the United States are emphasized, particularly the relationship between waste classification and requirements for disposal much of this discussion is adapted from a previous paper (Kocher, 1990). Proposals for alternative radioactive waste classification systems are reviewed. Classification systems developed by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and the relationship between waste classification and disposal requirements in IAEA recommendations are discussed in some detail. Waste classification systems developed in other countries are briefly mentioned. 

UN Conferences on Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, 1955,1958,1965,1972 International Atomic Energy Agency, Disposal of Radioactive Wastes, Vols. 1 and 2, IAEA, Vienna, 1960... 

International Atomic Energy Agency, Application of Membrane Technologies for Liquid Radioactive Waste Processing, Technical Report Series No. 431, IAEA, Vienna, 2004. 

Hooper, E.W., Activity removal from aqueous waste streams by seeded ultrafiltration, in Use of inorganic sorbents for treatment of liquid radioactive waste and backfill of underground repositories, in Proceedings of Final Research Co-ordination Meeting, Rez, Czechoslovakia, 408 November 1991, IAEA-TECDOC-675, International Atomic Energy Agency, 1992. 

INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Use of Inorganic Sorbents for the Treatment of Liquid Radioactive Waste and Backfill of Underground Repositories, IAEA-TECDOC-675, Vienna (1992). 

The first ocean dumping of radioactive waste was conducted by the USA in 1946 some 80 km off the coast of California. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) published in August 1999 an Inventory of radioactive waste disposal at sea according to which the disposal areas and the radioactivity can be listed as shown in Table 1. 

IAEA (1999) Inventory of Radioactive Waste Disposals at Sea. IAEA-TECDOC-1105 Vienna International Atomic Energy Agency, pp. 24 A.1-A.22. 

Meyer G. 1976. Preliminary data on the occurrence of transuranium nuclides in the environment at the radioactive waste burial site Maxey Flats, Kentucky. IAEA-SM-199/105. In transuranium nuclides in the environment. Proceedings of a symposium on transuranium nuclides in the environment. Vienna International Atomic Energy Agency, 231-270. 

INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Legal and Governmental Infrastructure for Nuclear, Radiation, Radioactive Waste and Transport Safety, Safety Standards Series No. GS-R-1, IAEA, Vienna (2000). 

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