Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia

Gould VE, DeLellis RA. The neuroendocrine cell system Its tumors, hyperplasias and dysplasias. In Silverberg SG, ed. Principles and practice of surgical pathology. New York John Wiley 1983 1488-1501. 

Pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia may result after carcinogen treatment in hamsters given supranormal oxygen (Sunday et al. 1994). 

CDlO/neutral endopeptidase inhibition augmented pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia in hamsters treated with diethylnitrosamine and hyperoxia (Willett et al. 1999). 

Constrictive bronchiolitis is characterized by subepithehal acellular fibrosis in the walls of membranous and respiratory bronchioles causing concentric narrowing or complete obliteration of the airway lumen (Fig. 1) smooth muscle hyperplasia may also be present. Progressive concentric narrowing is associated with distortion of the lumen, mucostasis, and patchy chronic inflammation. Cicatritial bronchiolitis may be a very subtle lesion, the only clue present in the biopsy specimen being the reduction of the number of bronchioles compared with that of centrilobular arterial branches. A peculiar form of constrictive bronchiolitis, neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia with bronchiolar fibrosis has been reported by Aguayo et al. in 1992 (6). The mildest lesion consists of linear zones of neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia in the bronchiolar mucosa with focal sub-epithelial fibrosis. In more obvious lesions, plaque of eccentric fibrous tissue partially occludes the lumen. In most severe stage there is a total occlusion of the lumen by fibrous tissue with few visible neuroendocrine cells. 

G. Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia with Bronchiolar Fibrosis... 

Aguayo SM, Miller YE, Waldron JA, et al. Brief report idiopathic diffuse hyperplasia of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and airways disease. N Engl J Med 1992 327 1285. 

Miller RR, Muller NL. Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia and obliterative bronchiolitis in patients with peripheral carcinoid tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 1995 19 653. 

Davies SJ, Gosney JR, Hansell DM, et al. Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia an under-recognised spectrum of disease. Thorax. 2007 62 248-252. 

Cohen AJ, King TE, Gilman LB, et al. High expression of neutral endopeptidase in idiopathic diffuse hyperplasia of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998 158 1593-1599. 

Perrin DG, MacDonald TJ, Cutz E. Hyperplasia of bombesin-immimoreactive pulmonary neuroendocrine cells and neuroepithelial bodies in sudden infant death... 

Harleman JH, Betton GR, Dormer C, McCrossan M (1987) Gastric neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia after treatment with the long-acting, potent H2-receptor antagonist SK F 93479. Scand J Gastroenterol 22 595-600... 

Endometrial carcinomas with mucinous, squamous, transitional, neuroendocrine, and undifferentiated features have been described, but information about the immunophenotype of squamous cell, transitional cell, and small cell carcinomas (excluding case reports and small series) is hard to obtain. Data concerning the immunophenotype of mucinous carcinoma center mainly on its distinction from microglandular hyperplasia and endocervical adenocarcinoma, which we have discussed earlier in this chapter. 

---