Hydroxyalkyl methacrylates

Most other hydrophilic monomers inclined to radical polymerization (methacrylamide, methacrylic acid, N-vinylpyrrolidone, aminoalkyl and hydroxyalkyl methacrylates) do not form hydrogels with high swellability in water. 

Polymer grafting can be used to alter chemical and physical properties of a homopolymer. For example, Sawhney and Hubbell [18] grafted polyethyleneoxide to poly L-lysine to enhance biocompatibility of polylysine and improve the polylysine-alginate capsules. Stevenson and Sefton [19] modified alginate by grafting it with hydroxyalkyl methacrylate, again to improve the biocompatibility and to allow for polymerization by means of y-irradiation. Covalently modified (co)-polymers have not been evaluated in this study. 

Small amounts of carboxylic monomers (acrylic acid (AA) or methacrylic acid (MAA)) [86] or 2-hydroxyalkyl methacrylates [87] could be easily used in a styrene miniemulsion polymerization, using DMA or SMA as hydrophobe and SDS as emulsifier. 

Acrylic polyols represent a special group of amorphous polyols, of molecular weight (MW) of 8000-13000 daltons, obtained by radical copolymerisation of acrylic monomers (ternary or quaternary copolymers), such as acrylic or methacrylic acids and esters. The source of hydroxyl groups in these acrylic polyols is the utilisation in the radical copolymerisation reaction of hydroxyalkyl acrylates or hydroxyalkyl methacrylates [1,2] as comonomers. The acrylic polyols are used in high performance polyurethane (PU) coatings. 

The general radical copolymerisation reaction for synthesis of acrylic polyols is shown in reaction 10.1. It is obligatory that one of the comonomers is a hydroxyalkyl acrylate or hydroxyalkyl methacrylate (mainly hydroxyethylacrylate and hydroxyethylmethacrylate) in order to introduce hydroxyl groups (as lateral groups, not as terminal groups) available for the reaction with -NCO groups of diisocyanates (reaction 10.1). 

The most widely used activation procedure of agarose, dextran, but less common of cellulose and hydroxyalkyl methacrylate gel, employs cyanogen bromide [95]. The... 

A simple method for the activation of hydroxyl group carrying supports such as agarose, cellulose, diol-silica, glycophase-glass or hydroxyalkyl methacrylate copolymer with 2,2,2-trifluoroethanesulfonyl chloride (tresyl chloride) was introduced by Nilsson and Mosbach [108] ... 

A series of polyurethane polyacrylates were prepared by reaction of toluene diisocyanate (XVIII), other isocyanates, and isocyanate-terminated oligomers with hydroxyalkyl methacrylates [24]. These monomers could be tailored to provide the... 

Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells have been used for the continuous production of glutathione,and for the continuous regeneration of ATP from adenosine.S. paradoxus cells have been immobilized onto glutaraldehyde-activated glycyl, j3-alanyl, and 6-aminohexanoyl derivatives of 1,6-diaminohexane-derivatized hydroxyalkyl methacrylate gel. The effect of the length of the spacer arm and the manner of its activation was investigated. 

Immobilized Trichosporon brassicae cells have been used for the ampero-metric determination of acetic acid. Some properties of Zygosaccharomyces lactis cells immobilized on a modified hydroxyalkyl methacrylate gel have been reported. ... 

No.5, March 1999, p. 1131 -7 POLYMERIZATION OF HYDROXYALKYL METHACRYLATES CHARACTERIZED BY COMBINATION OF FT-RAMAN AND STEP-SCAN FT-LR PHOTOACOUSTIC SPECTROSCOPY... 

Vinylpyridine Hydroxyalkyl methacrylate Single Tg FTIR I was 2- or 4-vinylpyridine II had an alkyl group of 2- hydroxyethyl or 3- hydropropyl Cesteros et al. (1994a)... 

The resin is highly compatible with a glycol ether dialkyl ether. Thus, a mixed solution composed of the acrylic resin and the glycol ether can easily be prepared. The acrylic resin is produced from alkyl methacrylates, aralkyl methacrylates, alkoxyalkyl methacrylates, hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, methacrylic acid, or dialkyl-aminoalkyl methacrylates. A particularly preferred copolymer is a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid. 

The hydroxyalkyl methacrylates, (ROH, m=5,12) were synthesized from 1,5-pentanediol and 1,12-dodecanediol which were used as supplied by Aldrich Chemical Co, Ltd,... 

Acid anhydride or acidic monomers, such as 4-methacryloxyethyl trimel-litate anhydride (4-META), 4-methacryloxyethyl trimellate (4-MET), 4-(3-methacryloyloxypropoxy carbonyl) phthalic anhydride (MPRPA), and 4-(4-methacryloyloxybutoxycarbonyl) phthalic anhydride (MBPA), prepared by condensing hydroxyalkyl methacrylates and trimelUtic anhydride acid chloride, are very important coupling agents. The phosphoric acid derivative, MDP is synthesized from methacrylic acid, 1,10-decanediol, and phosphorus oxychloride. These very useful, functional (polymerizable) monomers are added to the primer or liquid part of the adhesive. 

Hydroxyalkyl acrylates Hydroxyalkyl methacrylates Carboxylic acid... 

Free monosaccharides have been used for the direct glycosylation of Spheron , a spherical macroporous hydroxyalkyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate co-polymer. The derivatives were shown to be efficient affinity carriers in the isolation of a variety of lectins. 

Thermosetting metallic paints Styrene Hydroxyalkyl methacrylate Japan 116,037 1979 Dainippon Ink ... 

The synthesis of the first water-absorbent polymer goes back to 1938, when AA and divinylbenzene were thermally polymerized in an aqueous medium. In the late 1950s the first generation of hydrogels appeared, mainly based on hydroxyalkyl methacrylate and related monomers, and with swelling capacity up to 40-50%. These hydrogels were used in the development of contact lenses that revolutionized ophthalmology. 

There is another type of dimethacrylate that is finding significant use in dental monomers. These are the urethane dimethacrylates, which are synthesized from hydroxyalkyl methacrylates and aliphatic diisocyanates (7,8). The synthesis of this non-aromatic type of monomer is shown in Fig. 2A. The molecular bulk of these monomers is similar to that of BIS-GMA. 

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