Glutaraldehyde activation

Figure 7. Different routes to a glutaraldehyde-activated matrix.

Figure 22.23 Glutaraldehyde activation of PE-containing liposomes may be used to couple protein molecules.

The following protocol describes the 2-step method wherein the liposome is glutaraldehyde-activated, purified away from excess crosslinker, and then coupled to a protein by reductive amination (Figure 22.23). 

Five immobilization matrices have been tested and compared. These include a dextran layer on the sensor surface, succinic anhydride modified surface, monomer glutaraldehyde activated surface, polyglutaraldehyde activated surface and strepta-vidine/biotinylated antibody coated surface. 

A colorimetric assay for lecithin and choline was described by Kotsira and Klonis (1998) using two enzymes (phospholipase and choline oxidase) and an indicator dye conjugate (bromothymol blue-glutathione) co-immobilised on a glutaraldehyde-activated polyacrylamide transparent gel. The change of the... 

A stock of glutaraldehyde-activated BSA with a concentration of 10 mg/ml maybe stored frozen in aliquots. Activated BSA of high stability with about 20 moles aldehyde per mole BSA is made by a dialysis procediue given by Zegers et al. (1990) J Immimol Meth 130 195. 

APTES The crystal is coated with y-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) solution (2-5% in acetone, dry benzene). Biocatalysts are immobilized on the precoated crystal via glutaraldehyde activation [30]. 

Polyethylenimine The crystal is first coated with a polyethylenimine and avidin 19 solution (2-3%). Avidin is then immobilized on the coated crystal via glutaraldehyde activation. The biotinylated biocatalyst is immobilized on the coated crystal via biotitr-avidin interaction since one molecule of avidin binds four molecules of biotin [29]. 

Polyacrylamide The crystal is coated with a thin layer of polyacrylamide gel. Antigens/antibodies are immobilized on the polyacrylamide via glutaraldehyde activation [33]. 

Immobilized Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells have been used for the continuous production of glutathione,and for the continuous regeneration of ATP from adenosine.S. paradoxus cells have been immobilized onto glutaraldehyde-activated glycyl, j3-alanyl, and 6-aminohexanoyl derivatives of 1,6-diaminohexane-derivatized hydroxyalkyl methacrylate gel. The effect of the length of the spacer arm and the manner of its activation was investigated. 

Reaction with agarose cyclic imido-carbonate or with an aminohexanoyl derivative of cross-linked agarose after modification of the enzyme with periodate and 1,2-diaminoethane or glycyl-L-tyrosine Co-immobilized with catalase on glutaraldehyde-activated controlled pore glass... 

Silanized and glutaraldehyde-activated sub-micron ferrite particles have been used to immobilize j3-D-galactosidase. The immobilized enzyme was used for the hydrolysis of lactose in whole milk, from which the enzyme is readily recovered magnetically. The immobilized j3-D-galactosidase is of potential industrial importance hydrolysis improves some processed dairy products and there are also nutritional products requiring modification for people with lactose intolerance. 

Lysozyme has been immobilized by reaction with a glutaraldehyde-activated silanized ferrite support to yield an active immobilized enzyme readily recoverable magnetically from reaction solutions. ... 

Reaction of an immobilized, glutaraldehyde-activated form with urease (see p. 510)... 

Reaction with glutaraldehyde-activated, papain-treated elastin... 

Reaction with glutaraldehyde-activated alkylamine silica... 

Reaction with inner wall of glutaraldehyde-activated nylon tubing... 

Pahujani, S., S. S. Kanwar, G. Chauhan, and R. Gupta. 2008. Glutaraldehyde Activation of Polymer Nylon-6 for Lipase Immobilization Enzyme Characteristics and Stability. ... 

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