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Hydrotreating thermodynamics

Aluminum phosphide (AlP) also exists, but its presence in hydrotreating catalysts is very unlikely because almninum oxide is thermodynamically very stable. [Pg.422]

The formation of mixed Mo — P —S compounds is thermodynamically restricted at temperatures lower than 1000°C (70). This restriction implies that the sulfur atoms in M0S2 are not directly replaced by phosphorus atoms. In the same way, phosphorus does not regularly occupy the edges of the M0S2 platelets through bonds with sulfur atoms as in the case of the promoted CoMoS or NiMoS phases. The presence of P(white), P(red), and P(black) on catalysts can also be excluded because they have extremely high vapor pressures under hydrotreating conditions. [Pg.494]

Source I. P. Fisher and M. F. Wilson, Kinetic and Thermodynamics of Hydrotreating Synthetic Middle Distillates, presented at the Symposium on Advances in Hydrotreating, Division of Petroleum Chemistry, American Chemical Society Meeting, April 8-10, 1987, pp. 310-314. With permission. [Pg.234]

The effect of hydrogen partial pressure on the various hydrotreating reactions (HDS, HDN, HD A) is quite different from one reaction to another. HDS is much less sensitive to hydrogen pressure dian the two other reactions. Due to thermodynamic constraints, HDN and HDA require a minimum hydrogen pressure. The two reactions are nevertheless essential in the overall process and the operating pressure is often chosen by considering the performance of denitrogenation. [Pg.428]

It is known that poly aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) hydrogenate via successive steps, each of which is reversible [8]. Hydrogenation of the first ring is usually the least thermodynamically favorable step under typical hydrotreating conditions. We use the simplest mono-aromatic molecule, benzene, as our model molecule in all the related studies. [Pg.418]

The reliability of a model is the function of the validation method such as testing it with independent data and experimental transport and thermodynamic properties at the reaction conditions. For the case of hydrotreating of heavy petroleum, the reactor involves three phases the nonvaporized hydrocarbon (liquid), the vaporized hydrocarbon plus the hydrogen (gas), and the fixed-bed catalyst (solid). Hence, the system to be modeled is a three-phase fixed-bed catalytic heterogeneous reactor. Some assumptions can be made in order to represent the real experimental reactor. [Pg.320]


See other pages where Hydrotreating thermodynamics is mentioned: [Pg.440]    [Pg.404]    [Pg.296]    [Pg.7]    [Pg.225]    [Pg.309]    [Pg.1384]    [Pg.295]    [Pg.88]    [Pg.327]    [Pg.512]    [Pg.450]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.305 ]




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