Hydrotreating of SRC

Figure 1. Product nitrogen vs. hydrogen consumption hydrotreating of SRC-II at 750° F (%) ICR 106 catalyst, (O) ICR 113 catalyst...

HYDROTREATING OF SRC-II WITH ICR 106 CATALYST NAPHTHA PRODUCT PROPERTIES 2300 PSIA H2... 

Figure 13. Effect of aromatics on smoke point hydrotreating of SRC-11 with ICR...

Figure 14. Effect of aromatics on cetane number of 350° C+ product hydrotreating of SRC-11...

Figure 4. Flow diagram refining of SRC-II oil by high severity hydrotreating, case 1...

REFINING OF SRC-II OIL BY INTERMEDIATE SEVERITY HYDROTREATING TO PRODUCE 50,000 BARRELS PER CALENDAR DAY OF MOTOR GASOLINE PLUS JET FUEL DOE CONTRACT EF-76-C-01-2315 ... 

YIELDS FROM SEVERE HYDROTREATING OF ILLINOIS H-COAL, WYODAK H-COAL, AND SRC-II SYNCRUDES ... 

Figure 3. Fouling during the hydrotreating of Illinois H-coal, Wyodak H-coal, and SRC-II syncrudes at L5 LHSV and 1800 psia Hg...

Amt of SRC) orlginal ilquld (Amt of SRC> hydrotreated liquid (Amount of SRC) orlginal liquid... 

Figure 8. Conversion of SRC with hydrotreating reaction time and temperature (0)435° C,(A)410° C,( ) 360° C...

Figure 12. Product aromatic content vs. hydrogen consumption hydrotreating whole SRC-11 oil at various severities group type calculated from GC or MS of...

Table VI recapitulates the relative response of Synthoil and SRC to hydrotreating in terms of percentage conversion of heptane insolubles, as reported in Table II. Conversion of heptane insolubles was substantially greater in the case of SRC. While the Synthoil was processed at a higher space velocity, the throughput rate of Synthoil feed heptane insolubles was only half that of the SRC feed heptane insolubles. Temperature in the Synthoil run was 5°-10°C lower than in the SRC run.

This comparison is reinforced by a comparison of Synthoil with UOP-filtered SRC filter feed. Figure 4 illustrates the response of the two stocks to hydrotreating as a function of pressure and space velocity. The temperature range of the experiments was 9°C. Conversion of SRC heptane insolubles was first order up to 98%, and the effect of pressure was relatively small. Conversion of Synthoil heptane insolubles never exceeded 80% under comparable conditions, and it was strongly dependent on pressure. 

The program was broken down into several distinct tasks in order to accomplish these objectives. First, a literature survey was performed to gather articles pertinent to the hydrotreating and hydrocracking of SRC as well as information on analytical methods for the characterization of SRC and its derivatives. 

Koppers Tar creosote oil is comprised primarily of two-, three-, and four-ring polynuclear aromatic compounds. Only 4% of this solvent, which contains a sizable amount of fluoranthene (bp 723°F), boils over 850°F. Typical hydrotreated 420°-850°F distillate product from this feed material has a multitude of additional components in much smaller concentrations as determined by gas chromatography (GC). The major components of the feed contribute less to the total concentration in product than in feed. Therefore, product distillates are less pure than feed distillates and less likely to solidify than feed. Indeed, Koppers Tar is itself a solid-liquid mixture which upon observation suggests handling problems. In anticipation of pumpability problems for mixtures of SRC in Koppers Tar, a viscosity study was made on several different concen-... 

If the SRC-II is hydrotreated at an intermediate or moderate severity, further processing will be necessary to upgrade the product to specification transportation fuels. A number of pilot plant tests have been made to determine the conditions and to demonstrate the feasibility of these processing steps. 

HYDROFINING OF PARTIALLY HYDROTREATED ST-400°F SRC-II NAPHTHA WITH ICR 113 CATALYST... 

Only 5-6% of the hydrotreated SRC-II product boils above the jet boiling range. In this chapter, several possible refining routes for the production of distillate fuels from SRC-II process product are considered, based on results from several demonstration pilot plant tests. In all cases, the initial hydrotreating step is the key step in processing sequence. 

Another route used to liquefy coal is the H-Coal process, which was developed by Hydrocarbon Research Institute. It differs from the SRC-II process in that a catalyst is employed in the liquefaction step. (1,2) Several recent upgrading studies on this material have again shown the importance of hydrotreating ... 

The Illinois H-Coal and SRC-II syncrudes contain large amounts of chloride, 32 parts per million (ppm) and 50 ppm, respectively. The Wyodak H-Coal syncrude contains only 3 ppm. Because the exit line from the pilot plants which processed the SRC-II syncrude occasionally plugged with ammonium chloride, we water washed the Illinois H-Coal syncrude prior to hydrotreating. It is our understanding that chloride will be removed by water washing at a commercial coal liquefaction facility. 

Preparation of Jet Fuel - When the Illinois H-Coal and SRC-II syncrudes are hydrotreated at severe conditions [2300 psia hydrogen partial pressure 0.5 liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV), volumes of feed per volume of catalyst per hour between 750°F and 800°F average catalyst temperature 8000 standard cubic feet per barrel (SCF/bbl) recycle gas rate], the... 

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