Hydrogen production partial oxidation

Table 10.14 provides some essential information concerning the production of hydrogen by partial oxidation of a VR. By-products are carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. 

Velu, S., Suzuki, K., and Osaki, T. Selective production of hydrogen by partial oxidation of methanol over catalysts derived from CuZnAl-layered double hydroxides. Catalysis Letters, 1999, 62 (2), 159. 

Agrell, J., Germani, G., Jaras, S.G., and Boutonnet, M. Production of hydrogen by partial oxidation of methanol over ZnO-supported palladium catalysts prepared by microemulsion technique. Applied Catalysis. A, General, 2003, 242 (2), 233. 

COMBINED PLASMA-CATALYTIC PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN BY PARTIAL OXIDATION OF HYDROCARBON FUELS... 

Medium Heat- Value Gas. Medium heat-value (medium Btu) gas (6,7) has a heating value between 9 and 26 MJ/m (250 and 700 Btu/fT). At the lower end of this range, the gas is produced like low heat-value gas, with the notable exception that an air separation plant is added and relatively pure oxygen (qv) is used instead of air to partially oxidize the coal. This eliminates the potential for nitrogen in the product and increases the heating value of the product to 10.6 MJ /m (285 Btu/fT). Medium heat-value gas consists of a mixture of methane, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and various other gases and is suitable as a fuel for industrial consumers. 

The Texaco process was first utilized for the production of ammonia synthesis gas from natural gas and oxygen. It was later (1957) appHed to the partial oxidation of heavy fuel oils. This appHcation has had the widest use because it has made possible the production of ammonia and methanol synthesis gases, as well as pure hydrogen, at locations where the lighter hydrocarbons have been unavailable or expensive such as in Maine, Puerto Rico, Brazil, Norway, and Japan. 

The formation of cotar none from cotar nine methine methiodide by the action of potash (IX—X) led Roser to represent cotarnine and its salts by the following formulae, the loss of a molecule of water in the formation of cotarnine salts being explained by the production of a partially reduced pyridine ring, which is fully hydrogenated in the reduction of cotarnine to hydrocotarnine. In the reverse process, oxidation of liydrocotarnine to cotarnine, Roser assumed the scission of the ring at the point indicated, with the formation of a hydration product, and oxidation of the latter to cotarnine thus —... 

In contrast to steam reforming, partial oxidation (POX) uses air instead of steam and, as its name implies, burns the fuel in restricted amounts of air so that it generates partially combusted products, including hydrogen. POX generates heat and can, therefore, potentially respond faster than a steam reformer. This is beneficial for load-following applications (c.g., transportation). 

In practice, this ratio is even lower than what is shown hy the stoichiometric equation because part of the methane is oxidized to carhon dioxide and water. When resids are partially oxidized hy oxygen and steam at 1400-1450°C and 55-60 atmospheres, the gas consists of equal parts of hydrogen and carhon monoxide. Table 4-2 compares products from steam reforming natural gas with products from partial oxidation of heavy fuel oil. 

The main reaction occurring in the secondary reformer is the partial oxidation of methane with a limited amount of air. The product is a mixture of hydrogen, carhon dioxide, carhon monoxide, plus nitrogen, which does not react under these conditions. The reaction is represented as follows ... 

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