Hydrogen nanostructure materials

Zhu, J. and Ziich, M. (2009) Nanostructured materials for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Current Opinion in Colloid and Interface Science, 14 (4), 260-269. 

Benard, P, R. Chahine, Storage of hydrogen by physisorption on carbon and nanostructured materials. Scr. Mater. 56,803-808,2007. 

Figure 3.8 Activity of conventional and colloidal Rh/C catalysts, eventually doped with 2% colloidal Ti(0), compared in the butyronitrile hydrogenation test (2d). (Adapted from Bonnemann, H. and Brijoux, W., in Surfactant-Stabilized Nanosized Colloidal Metals and Alloys as Catalyst Precursors/Advanced Catalysts and Nanostructured Materials, Moser, W., Ed., Academic Press, San Diego, 1996, pp. 165-196, Chap. 7. With permission from Elsevier Science.)...

Fig. 1.1 A novel vision of refueling/retail station for fuel ceU-powered vehicles based on the concept of the off-board recharging of spent hydride fuel and the mechanochemical synthesis of nanostructured hydrogen storage materials in baU-miU plants. Such is not the currently accepted vision of hydrogen economy but one which may turn out to be viable alternative to onboard...

Demokritos" (NCSR) Institute of Materials Science works on preparation characterization of nanostructured materials, metallic and metal - oxide contacts, preparation of thin/thick films, and hydrogen storage. 

Hydrogen interaction with the carbon nanostructural materials (nanotubes, nanofibers, fullerenes C60 and C70 has been intensively studied over the last years. A developed surface of nanotubes and nanofibers induced a considerable applied interest aimed at hydrogen storage and reduced consumption of organic fuel in modem industry. For the academic studies, of interest is the nature of the hydrogen interaction with the carbon nanomaterials. 

Off board recharging - Production plant for containers with nanostructured hydrogen storage material (e.g. by ball milling)... 

Majer, G., Eberle, U., Kimmerle, F., Stanik E. and Orimo, S. (2003) Hydrogen diffusion in metallic and nanostructured materials, Physica B 328,... 

It is remarkable that this - more or less - first publication on this topic already contained the main questions and ideas that are still in the focus of many investigations supramolecular structure of the ionic liquid phase, ion-pairing and the interaction of ILs with solute (or solvent) molecules. The same group continued their investigations and subsequently focussed on a larger variety of imidazolium salts with different weakly-coordinating anions (BF 4, PF 6, and BPh 4) [7]. They were able to demonstrate that each cation was surrounded by at least three anions (and vice versa) and by this fashion hydrogen-bound supermolecules were present in the liquid state. Therefore, one could honestly speak of ILs as nanostructured materials . 

Sorbent Technology Table 6 Summary of hydrogen storage capacity of various nanostructured materials 2835... 

Palladium metal particles with an average diameter of ca. 5 nm were homogeneously dispersed inside carbon nanotubes. Such nanostructured material was an extremely active and selective catalyst for the hydrogenation of the C=C bond of cinnamaldehyde. The high external surfece area of the carbon nanotubes could explain the high reactivity of the catalyst despite its relatively low specific surfece area, i.e. 20 m. g". On the other hand, the high selectivity towards the C=C bond hydrogenation was attributed to the absence of a microporous network and of residual acidic sites in the carbon nanotube catalyst as compared to a commercial activated charcoal. 

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