Hydrogen feed rate

What is the maximum allowed hydrogen feed rate (in m3h 1 under standard conditions with lmol = 22.4 litre)... 

Catalyst Evaluation. Commercial nickel-molybdenum (Ni-Mo) and nickel-tungsten (Ni-W) catalysts were evaluated with this feedstock. The Ni-Mo catalyst was HDS-3A from American Cyanamid and the Ni-W catalyst was Ketjenfine HC-5 from Armak Company. Both were extrudate types supported on alumina and silica-alumina, respectively. The run conditions for the Ni-W evaluation run are shown in Table VII for selected samples. Pressure, liquid feed rate, and hydrogen feed rates were held as nearly constant as possible only the temperature was changed. 

Figure 18.12 Surface contact angle changes of LTCAT treated PTFE (a) dependence on hydrogen feed rate at 6.0 A arc current, 1500 seem argon flow rate, and 1.0 min treatment, and (b) dependence on exposure time at 6.0 A arc current, 1500 seem argon flow rate, 20 seem hydrogen, 1.0 min treatment.

LHSV (vol/vol-hr) material balance (%) hydrogen ratio (scf/bbl) oil feed rate (g/hr) hydrogen feed rate (g/hr) temperature (°F) catalyst volume (mL) force balanced on oil product rate (g/hr) tail gas rate (g/hr) water product (g/hr)... 

Estimate the volume of bubble-free slurry required to obtain a conversion of 30% for a hydrogen feed rate of 100 ft /min (at 60°F and 1 atm). By a light-transmission technique, Calderbank measured gas-liquid interfacial areas of 0.94 to 2.09 cm /cm for bubble sizes likely to be encountered in this system. Suppose for this illustration Mg = 1.0 cm-/cm of bubble-free slurry. The Henry s law constant for hydrogen in toluene at 50°C is 9.4 (g mole/cm )/(g moles/cm ), and its diffusivity is 1.1 x 10 " cm /sec. The density and viscosity of toluene at 50°C are 0.85 g/cm and 0.45 centi-poises, respectively. Equimolal feed rates of ethylene and hydrogen will be used. 

We will also report on experimental work to corroborate our selection, the continuously operated, packed bubble column reactor filled with a packed catalyst bed and with hydrogen feed rates, slightly higher than the stoichiometrically required amount. 

Temperatures measured in the reactor bed during the entire experiment are plotted in Fig.3. We can see that steady state is reached after 1.5-2 hours from the start of the process, which is equivalent to 4-5 times the liquid residence time. At a hydrogen supply ratio - defined as molar hydrogen feed rate over the stoichiometric molar rate needed to convert all DNT to DAT - of ctDAT < 1 equilibration of the reactor took usually as much as 2 to 3 hours. 

Figure I. Chromatogram of reaction mixture after separating the solid phase. Conditions column, 2 meters 2% silicone oil on Chromosorb W, 40-60 mesh hydrogen feed rate, 30 mL/min. temperature, 180°C. detector, katharometer...

Stages of electrolytic preconcentration, 2 Hydrogen production rate, 25,000 nm /h Hydrogen feed rate to distillation plant, 5000 nm /h Producing hours per year, 8000 D2O production rate, 14,000 kg/yr Erected cost of plant, 2.75 million ... 

Through a feedforward controller adjust the purge rate so that it is equal to the fresh hydrogen feed rate (feedforward flow controller, FF1). 

Calculations All gas measurements are reported at 60 °F. and 760 mm. mercury pressure. The hydrogen feed rate of 12,000 cu. ft. per barrel was 1.1 times the stoichiometric amount of about 10,890 cu. ft. needed to convert the crude oil completely to methane, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and water. The yield of methane as volume percent of stoichiometric was calculated by dividing the volume in cubic feet per barrel by 8740, which was the stoichiometric yield at the given conditions. 

Data obtained from these experiments are given in Table I. To permit comparison between different experiments, reaction product yields are all quoted in terms of moles of hydrocarbon formed per mole of molecular hydrogen fed to the reactor at the stated molecular hydrogen feed rate. Quantitative yields for the C4 hydrocarbons are not given in Table I because their amounts were too small for meaningful analysis. 

Table II. Hydrocarbon Yield after Conditioning the Reactor for a Prolonged Period of Time ( > 80 hr) at a Hydrogen Feed Rate of 2 X 10 5 mole/hr...

Combustion Equivalence Ratio. The effect of varying the equivalence ratio of combustion hydrogen to combustion oxygen was tested by operating the reactor with coal feed rate, oxygen-to-coal ratio, and carrier gas rate constant, and varying the combustion hydrogen feed rate. 

Ib-MAF/hr Bed Temperature. F Pressure, psig Residence Time. min Steam Feed Rate. Ib/hr Hydrogen Feed Rate. SCFH Steam/Wood Ratio. Ib/lb-MAF Hp/Wood-C Ratio. IbM/lbM H2 in Feed Gas. vol %... 

Here t is the length of one cycle or period, and y is the fraction of T for which the hydrogen feed rate is at the upper level. The manipulated input u is evaluated at subsequent times according to the periodicity rule... 

Figure 3. Instantaneous effluent compositions for cycling with Catalyst I and a period of 300 s. Different sets of data correspond to different mean hydrogen feed rates.

Figure 7. Instantaneous effluent compositions for feed hydrogen cycling with Catalyst II for nine sets of periods (t) and mean hydrogen feed rates (directly related to y see Equation 4)...

Investigate the effect of a variation of hydrogen feed rate (all other parameters held constant at base- 2 case values). 

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