Hydrogen chloride aqueous solution

Moissanite, see Silicon carbide Molybdenite, see Molybdenum disulfide Molybdite, see Molybdenum(VI) oxide Molysite, see Iron(III) chloride Montroydite, see Mercury(II) oxide Morenosite, see Nickel sulfate 7-water Mosaic gold, see Tin disulfide Muriatic acid, see Hydrogen chloride, aqueous solutions... 

In metallic form, barium is very reactive, reacting readily with water to release hydrogen. In aqueous solution it is present as an ion with a +2 charge. Barium acetate, chloride, hydroxide, and nitrate are water-soluble, whereas barium arsenate, chromate, duoride, oxalate, and sulfate are not. Most water-insoluble barium salts dissolve in dilute acids barium sulfate, however, requkes strong sulfuric acid. 

Pauporte and Lincot [157, 158] have developed the preparation of zinc oxide thin films by cathodic deposition at 70° C from chloride aqueous solutions with dissolved zinc(II) chloride and hydrogen peroxide. 

Halpern and his associates have recently extended their studies of the activation of hydrogen by aqueous solutions of cupric, mercuric, mercurous, and silver salts. The catalytic activities of a series of cupric complexes decrease in the following order butyrate, propionate > acetate > sulfate > chloride > water (perchlorate solution) > glycine,... 

A mixture of 46 g of l-methyl-4-piperidinol (0.4 mol), 49.4 g of benzhydryl bromide (0.2 mol) and 100 ml of xylene was refluxed for approximately 24 hours. The reaction mixture separated into two phases with the upper phase containing the desired ether compound dissolved in xylene. The lower phase consisted of the hydro bromide salt of the excess l-methyl-4-piperidinol. The upper phase was separated from the lower phase and the desired benzhydryl ether recovered in the crude state by distilling off the xylene under reduced pressure. The crude benzhydryl ether was a clear reddish oil. It was dissolved in 75 ml of 20% hydrochloric acid and the aqueous acid solution then washed three times with 50 ml portions each of ethyl ether. The aqueous acid solution was then decolorized with activated carbon and thereafter slowly admixed with 75 ml of 28% aqueous ammonia. The benzhydryl ether separated as an oily material and was removed from the aqueous mixture by extraction with three 50 ml portions of ethylether. On evaporation of the ethyl ether from the ethyl ether solution, the benzhydryl ether was recovered as a pale yellow oil. The benzhydryl ether was dissolved in 60 ml of isopropanol and the isopropanol solution acidified to a PH of 3 with dry hydrogen chloride-methanol solution. The acidic propanol solution was then diluted with ethyl ether until a faint turbidity was observed. In a short time, the crystalline hydrochloride salt of the benzhydryl ether separated from the propanol solution. The crystallized salt was recrystallized once from 75 ml of isopropanol with the aid of ethyl ether in order to further purify the material. 

Allison et al. prepared the catalyst by decomposing nickel formate in a paraffin-paraffin oil mixture in a vacuum of a water-stream pump.45 The nickel catalyst thus prepared was not pyrophoric, not sensitive to air and chloride, and showed excellent catalytic properties in the hydrogenation of aqueous solutions of aromatic nitro compounds such as the sodium salts of m-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid, o-nitrobenzoic acid, and p-nitrophenol at pH 5-6. Sasa prepared an active nickel catalyst for the hydrogenation of phenol by decomposing nickel formate in boiling biphenyl [boiling point (bp) 252°C], diphenyl ether (bp 255°C), or a mixture of them (see eq. 11.12)42... 

CHROMIUM DICHLORIDE (10049-05-5) Very hygroscopic. Stable in dry air but oxidizes rapidly when moist. Oxidized in water to trivalent chromium and chloride ions, with liberation of explosive hydrogen. Sealed containers have been reported to explode from pressure of hydrogen. The aqueous solution is an acid and incompatible with sulfuric acid, alkalis, ammonia, aliphatic amines, alkanolamines, alkylene oxides, amides, epichlorohydrin, organic anhydrides, isocyanates, nitromethane, vinyl acetate. 

Solubility op Hydrogen in Aqueous Solutions op Calcium Chloride, Magnesium Sulphate, and Lithium Chloride at 15°. 

The single crystal X-ray structure of (NH4)2[RhCl5(H20)] shows it to have the expected octahedral structure, but the Cl irons to the water has the shortest Rh—Cl distance, consistent with the known irons influence of the chloride ligand. The solid has significant intermolecular (Rh—O —H---C1—Rh) hydrogen bonding. Aqueous solutions of [Rh(H20) Cl6 catalyze the... 

The phase system consists of a triethanolamine hydrogen chloride aqueous buffer solution pH 8.4 with 25% ethylene glycol as lower layer and benzene as upper layer. After 9000 transfers a mixture of hop alpha acids is obtained, in which prehumulone has been enriched by a factor of about ten. The final isolation is done by counter-current distribution with 360 transfers in the two-phase system iso-octane aqueous phosphate buffer pH 8.5 (K 1.0). Losses occur in view of the unstability of prehumulone. 

CH2 CH C CH. Colourless gas with a sweet odour b.p. 5°C. Manufactured by the controlled low-temperature telomerization of ethyne in the presence of an aqueous solution of CuCI and NH Cl. Reduced by hydrogen to butadiene and, finally, butane. Reacts with water in the presence of HgSO to give methyl vinyl ketone. Forms salts. Forms 2-chloro-butadiene (chloroprene) with hydrochloric acid and certain metallic chlorides. 

In presence of hydrochloric acid, tin(II) in aqueous solution (1) is precipitated by hydrogen sulphide as brown SnS, and (2) will reduce mercury(II) chloride first to mercury(I) chloride (white precipitate) and then to metallic mercury. 

Anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (as distinct from an aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid) does not attack silica or glass. It reacts with metals to give fluorides, for example with heated iron the anhydrous iron(II) fluoride is formed the same product is obtained by displacement of chlorine from iron(II) chloride ... 

Lead formate separates from aqueous solution without water of crystallisation. It can therefore be used for the preparation of anhydrous formic acid. For this purpose, the powdered lead formate is placed in the inner tube of an ordinary jacketed cond ser, and there held loosely in position by plugs of glass-wool. The condenser is then clamped in an oblique position and the lower end fitted into a receiver closed with a calcium chloride tube. A current of dry hydrogen sulphide is passed down the inner tube of the condenser, whilst steam is passed through the jacket. The formic acid which is liberated... 

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