Hydrazine perchlorate

Hydrazine perchlorate, NH2NH3Q04, m.p. 137-I38°C, was obtained by Salvadori [3] from hydrazine and perchloric acid. The substance is as strong an explosive as tetryl, being significantly more sensitive to shock approximating in this regard to mercury fulminate [16]. 

From aqueous solutions its semihydrate, (N2H5C104)2-H20, melting at 85°C is formed. This compound is less sensitive to impact. 

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Group 15 (VA) Perchlorates. Nitrogen perchlorates have been used as oxidizers in rocket propellants. Hydrazine perchlorate [13762-80-6] NH2NH2CIO4, and hydrazine diperchlorate, CIO4NH2NH2CIO4, have been investigated as oxidizers for propellant systems (60). Anhydrous salts can be... 

Hydrazine azide Hydrazine chlorate Hydrazine dicarbonic acid diazide Hydrazine perchlorate Hydrazine selenate Hydrogen cyanide, unstabilized Hydroxyl amine iodide Hyponitrous acid... 

Hydrazine perchlorate, 78 278 Hydrazine-sensitive detector, 3 812 Hydrazine solutions... 

TNT. It is less stable than Hydrazine Perchlorate. It has been proposed for use in primary and initiating mixtures (Ref 1)... 

Hydrazine perchlorate melts at 131-132°, burns tranquilly, and explodes violently from shock. 

The treatment of azirine (92) with hydrazine perchlorate to give aminopyrazole (118)46 probably follows a mechanism similar to that for the reaction of anilinium perchlorate with azirine (26). However, now the intermediate 117 can cyclize to the pyrazole. 

The deflagration of hydrazine perchlorate, both pure and with fuel and catalyst additives, has been investigated. Hydrazine perchlorate will deflagrate reproducibly if a few percent fuel is present. The deflagration process is catalyzed by copper chromite, potassium dichromate, and magnesium oxide. Deflagration rates have been measured photographically from 0.26 to 7.7 atm. A liquid layer was observed at the surface in these experiments. Vaporization rate measurements from 180°-235° C. have yielded the expression... 

Hydrazine perchlorate is a white crystalline solid melting at 140°-142° C. and having a density of 1.939 grams/cc. (5). It forms a hemi-hydrate which can be dehydrated readily at 64.5° C. under vacuum. It has been reported (5) that dry hydrazine perchlorate can be detonated by shock or friction and that it has a shock sensitivity comparable to that of initiating explosives. We have observed the usual precautions in... 

The thermal decomposition of hydrazine perchlorate has been investigated, and ammonium perchlorate was found to be a major product (13). We know of no studies of the self-deflagration of hydrazine perchlorate. The results reported here are concerned with studies of pure hydrazine perchlorate and hydrazine perchlorate containing small amounts of additives. 

Preparation of Hydrazine Perchlorate. Hydrazine perchlorate was prepared by titrating a solution of 85% hydrazine hydrate to a pH of 3.2 with 48% perchloric acid. This yielaed a stock solution which could be stored indefinitely. Hydrazine perchlorate was precipitated by pouring a volume of this solution into 5 volumes of 2-propanol at 0° C. The hydrazine perchlorate was filtered, washed with cold 2-propanol, and vacuum dried at 80° C. 

The mixtures of hydrazine perchlorate and the fuels or catalysts were prepared by mixing the hydrazine perchlorate shot with the finely ground other ingredients in an ordinary vee mixer for several hours. The uniform deflagration rates observed with the various mixtures attest to the homogeneity of strands prepared in this way. 

Two sublimation apparatuses were used. At first a fairly small one with a cross-sectional area of 0.5 sq. cm. was used to keep the amount of hydrazine perchlorate required down to about 0.5 grams. Subsequently a larger apparatus having a cross-sectional area of 4.90 sq. cm. was usea with amounts of hydrazine perchlorate of the order of 1.5-2.0 grams. 

The experiments performed in this program are grouped into (a) experiments in which vaporization rates of pure hydrazine perchlorate were measured (b) deflagration rate measurements (c) temperature profile measurements (d) flame temperature measurements. 

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