Hydraulic intensifier pump

In order to obtain water under high pressure suitable for industrial waterjet cutting, the hydraulic intensifier pump or mechanical directly driven (electric or diesel motor) plunger pumps are used. 

Pressure intensifier pumps. The most common examples are pneumatic in principle, although hydraulic versions have been described. 

Fig. 6.7-29 Photograph and diagram of a dry-bag CIP system (courtesy Dorst, Kochel am See, Germany). 1, protective enclosure 2, control cabinet 3, hydraulic unit 4, high-pressure intensifier pump 5, loading device 6, hopper 7, dosing device ...

Fig. 10. Hydraulic fluid-solvent pumping and distribution systems. Black, tubes pressurized liquid. Hatched tubes alternate, a = oil reservoir, b = gear pump, c = pressure limiter, d = bleed check, e = low-pressure accumulator, f = intersifier (1,2,3,4), g = solenoid valves A,B,C,D), h = blending valve, i = pressure transducer, j = mixing chamber, k = to column, 1 = weak solvent, m = strong solvent. Courtesy Micromeritics Instrument Co. Since completion of the manuscript we have been aware of a change In the method for proportioning mobile phase. Now Micromeritics Model 7000 B uses an additional pair of solenoids to blend mobile phase by proportioning the application of hydraulic fluid on the low pressure side of the hydraulic intensifiers.

The end of the piston stroke is detected by a proximity switch installed inside the hydraulic cylinder. The signal from the proximity switch causes a fast 4/3-way valve to redirect the oil flow in a manner that is fast but smooth, in order to avoid damage of the components. In the suction part of the piston movement, the hydraulic oil is discharged to a tank. Cooling of the oil is commonly achieved by either an air cooler or a water cooler, depending on ambient conditions and customer s requirements. The output water pressure of the intensifier pump is determined by the inlet hydraulic oil pressure and the pressure intensification ratio. This ratio is defined as the working area of the hydraulic piston divided by the area of the plunger. Commonly, intensification ratios are between approximately 1 19 for 4000 bar pumps and 1 33 for 6000 bar intensifier pumps. 

Constant pressure pumps utilise pneumatics or hydraulics apply the pressure required to force the mobile phase through the column, either directly or indirectly. Two main designs of constant pressure pump exist the pressurised coil pump, and the pneumatic pressure intensifier type. The pressurised coil pump is now all but redundant, but as it represents the most simple means possible of pumping at high pressure through an HPLC column it is described briefly. 

Modern methods of waste-water treatment depend on macromole-cular additives used as coagulants to intensify sedimentation processesy to increase concentration of solid particlesr and to improve separation processes as well. The hydraulic transport of sludge forms a part of the waste-water treatment technology. Sludge is pumped not only between individual treatment processes but also out of the water-treatment plant to the sedimentation fields which are often distant. Even in this case the application of drag reduction is advisable from the point of view of saving electric energy. 

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