Hydraulic cylinder

Fig. 13. Injection molding machine A, hydiaulic motoi foi turning the screw B, hydraulic cylinder and piston allowing the screw to reciprocate about three diameters C, hopper D, injection cylinder (a single-screw extmder) E, no22le F, fixed platen G, tie rods H, mold I, movable platen , hydraulic cylinder and piston used to move the movable platen and supply the force needed to keep the mold closed and K, machine base.

The slide is located in the compressor casting below the rotors, allowing internal gas recirculation without compression. Slide valve is operated by a piston located in a hydraulic cylinder and actuated by high-pressure oil from both sides. When the compressor is started, the slide valve is fuUy open and the compressor is unloaded. To increase capacity, a solenoid valve on the hydraulic hne opens, moving the piston in the direction of increasing capacity. In order to increase partload efficiency, the slide valve is designed to consist of two parts, one traditional shde valve for capacity regulation and other for built-in volume adjustment. 

A die stamping was produced in just one action. Stock (2) was fed into die (1) and the deformation to obtain a cup was performed by a stamp (3) which moved in a sleeve (4) driven by a piston of a hydraulic cylinder. The strain obtained was measured with strain gauge (5). The temperature of the deformed alloy was maintained by heating device (7) and controlled with sensor (8). After the deformation was completed shedder (9) driven by a piston (10) of hydraulic cylinder (11) ejected the cup. The whole press ram rested upon base (12). 

Tables 40.5 and 40.6 provide the mechanical forces, both extension and retraction, that can be generated by hydraulic cylinders. The tables are divided into the two principal operating pressure ranges associated with hydraulic applications.

Table 40.5 Hydraulic cylinder force, low pressure range 500 to 1500 psi...

Table 40.6 Hydraulic cylinder force, high pressure range 2000 to 5000 psi...

Machine-trains or process systems that have specific timing events (e.g., a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder)... 

They are designed to provide a flexible link between a power supply, such as a hydraulic cylinder, and another machine component. Leaf chains do not have any rollers or other sprocket-engaging device. They are designed with connector links located at each end of the chain that can be used to connect the drive and driven machine components. 

Water channels Side (actuated by cams, gears, or hydraulic cylinders)... 

Two sight holes Flame-proof lamp (option) Full opening lid Hydraulic cylinder lor scraping plough... 

A device for storing hydraulic pressure in its simplest form it is a long vertical hydraulic cylinder, on top of the ram on which weights may be placed or suspended. 

The third critical part in a steam-sterilized plant is the valve between the chamber and condenser. Its design should influence the flow of water vapor from the chamber to the condenser as little as possible, and its component must be easily cleaned and sterilized. Several technical solutions are offered for this problem. In Fig. 2.48.1 a design is shown in which the valve plate is moved back-and-forth by a hydraulic cylinder. This fulfils the two requirements ... 

The hydraulic stoppering device is equipped with one hydraulic cylinder. Stoppering is effected centrally from the top of the chamber toward the bottom. The piston rod seal in the chamber has a double seal ... 

This combination of seals makes sure that if there should ever be a leak in the hydraulic cylinder, it will not be possible for oil to penetrate into the inner area of the drying chamber. 

Fig. 4.1-35. Diaphragm compressor (HOFER). a, Diaphragm b, Gas space c, Discharge valve d, Suction valve e, Diaphragm cover f, Perforated plate g, Hydraulic cylinder h, Oil overflow valve i, Oil return j, Cylinder cooling k, Check valve 1, Crank drive m, Cooling-water in/out n, Oil-cooling coil o, Oil chamber p, Oil injection (leakage compensation) q, Compensation pump r, Check valve s, Oil supply.

The larger electrodes are usually supported from overhead by chains, cables, or steel bands connected to a regulating winch or hydraulic cylinders. Alternatively, the columns maybe supported directly by hydraulic cylinders. The electrodes are often held in alignment by insulated vertical guides. The arcs are quite stable because of the atmosphere in the arcing zone that allows the use of slower yet more sensitive regulators and positioners as compared to steelmaking furnaces. 

An injection molding machine is operated by hydraulic power and equipped with an dectric motor and hydraulic pump. The maximum hydraulic oil pressure is ca 14 MPa (2000 psi). A hydraulic cylinder opens and closes the mold and holds the mold dosed during injection another cylinder forces the screw forward, thereby injecting the mdt into the mold. A separate hydraulic motor turns the screw to plasticate, homogenize, and pressurize the mdt. Control of these movements is a combined function of the hydraulic and electrical systems (35—37). 

Fig. 2.62.2. Stoppering with bellows. 1, Hydraulic cylinder 2, stainless-steel bellow 3, hydraulic ram 4, seal package 5, gasket 6, pres-...

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