Hybridization plasmon

Larson TA, Bankson J, Aaron J, Sokolov K. Hybrid plasmonic magnetic nanoparticles as molecular specific agents for MIRI/optical imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer cells. Nanotechnology 2007 18 325101-9. 

Again, the mode spectrum depends on Zq. In the limit Zq -> 00, we obtain and = p/2, where describes the coupling of the 3D bulk and 2D plasmons deep in the medium (z 00), and, separately, a describes the decoupled, distant surface plasmon. However, in the limit z 0, we have col = and col = coyi + cay = col + o)2D where is now the decoupled bulk plasmon deep in the medinm, and, separately, describes the conpling of the surface plasmon with the 2D plasmon. For finite, nonvanishing Zq these hybridized plasmon modes are admixed as given by Eq.(31). 

As another example, we mention the hybrid plasmon-polariton modes in chains of noncontacting noble metal nanoparticles where the interaction of a photon and nanoparticles leads toe delocalized plasmon-polaritons (see (35) and... 

Gehan H., L. Fillaud, M. M. Chehimi, J. Aubard, A. Hohenau, N. Felidj, C. Mangeney. Thermo-induced electromagnetic coupling in gold/polymer hybrid plasmonic structures probed by surface-enhanced Raman scattering. ACS Nano 4, 2010 6491-6500. 

Figure 2.36 A shows a typical low-loss spectrum taken from boron nitride (BN). The structure of BN is similar to that of graphite, i. e. sp -hybridized carbon. For this reason the low-loss features are quite similar and comprise a distinct plasmon peak at approximately 27 eV attributed to collective excitations of both n and a electrons, whereas the small peak at 7 eV comes from n electrons only. Besides the original spectrum the zero-loss peak and the low-loss part derived by deconvolution are also drawn. By calculating the ratio of the signal intensities hot and Iq a relative specimen thickness t/2 pi of approximately unity was found. Owing to this specimen thickness there is slight indication of a second plasmon.

Liebermann T, Knoll W (2003) Parallel multispot detection of target hybridization to surface-bound probe oligonucleotides of different base mismatch by surface-plasmon field-enhanced fluorescence microscopy. Langmuir 9 1567-1572... 

The techniques developed to study protein interactions can be divided into a number of major categories (Table 31.1), including bioconjugation, protein interaction mapping, affinity capture, two-hybrid techniques, protein probing, and instrumental analysis (i.e., NMR, crystallography, mass spectrometry, and surface plasmon resonance). Many of these methods are dependent on the use of an initial bioconjugation step to discern key information on protein interaction partners. 

Govoroch AO, Bryant GW, Zhang W, Skeini T, Lee J, Kotov NA, Slocik JM, Naik RR (2006) Exciton-plasmon interaction and hybrid excitons in semiconductor-metal nanoparticle assemblies. Nano Lett 6 984—994... 

Robelek R, Stefani FD, Knoll W (2006) Oligonucleotide hybridization monitored by surface plasmon enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy with bio-conjugated core/shell quantum dots. Influence of luminescence blinking. Phys Status Solidi A-Appl Mater Sci 203 3468-3475... 

Fig. 7 presents another example of a very high-contrast waveguide - a rectangular buried waveguide covered by a gold layer. Strong hybridization of the waveguide mode with the antisymmetric surface plasmon is clearly manifested. 

Jordan, C. E. and Corn, R. M. (1997) Surface plasmon resonance imaging measurements of DNA hybridization adsorption and strepta-vidin/DNA multilayer formation at chemically modified gold surfaces. Anal. Chem. 69, 1449-1456. 

Ions in the lattice of a solid can also partake in a collective oscillation which, when quantized, is called a phonon. Again, as with plasmons, the presence of a boundary can modify the characteristics of such lattice vibrations. Thus, the infrared surface modes that we discussed previously are sometimes called surface phonons. Such surface phonons in ionic crystals have been clearly discussed in a landmark paper by Ruppin and Englman (1970), who distinguish between polariton and pure phonon modes. In the classical language of Chapter 4 a polariton mode is merely a normal mode where no restriction is made on the size of the sphere pure phonon modes come about when the sphere is sufficiently small that retardation effects can be neglected. In the language of elementary excitations a polariton is a kind of hybrid excitation that exhibits mixed photon and phonon behavior. 

Kim et al. used the exchange reaction to synthesize cross-linked AuNP-PNIPAM core-shell hybrid structures, as well as a brush-type AuNP/PNIPAM hybrid through surface-initiated ATRP in an aqueous medium. The disulfide initiators, [BrC (CH3)2COO(CH2)iiS]2, were bound to AuNPs synthesized by citrate reduction. They have studied the effect of cross-linking on the thermo-responsiveness of the AuN / PNIPAM hybrids for potential use as a stimuli responsive optical device, such as surface plasmon resonance-based sensing materials [91]. 

Template core-shell particles with cores comprised mainly of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (GMA) and shells consisting mainly of PNIPAM and amino or thiol-functionalized have been used for the synthesis of Au NPs. The obtained hybrid particles exhibited a reversible color change from red to purple, which originated from the surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles and was temperature-dependent in the range 25-40 °C [96] (Scheme 3.15). 

Nucleic acid biosensors based on optical modes of detection represent another common approach for generating analytical signals based on nucleic acid hybridization. The methods discussed herein are based on methods that are suitable for the study of materials on surfaces. There are a number of different optical methods that have been described, with the most common being attenuated total reflectance (ATR), total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) [15]. All of these methods work... 

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