Hyaluronan Production from Animal Sources General Methods

1 Hyaluronan Production from Animal Sources General Methods 

Until recently, the most economically viable way of obtaining HA was by its extraction from chicken combs [1,2]. A full procedure includes subsequent stages of tissue homogenization, extraction, purification and preparation of the final commercial HA product, which can be in the form of dry powder, solution, granules or in medicinal substances. The novelty of the various patent-protected methods is that they each involve different extraction technologies and/or purification procedures. Next is the typical procedure for the the extraction and purification of hyaluronan from chicken combs. 

Rooster combs contain up to 7.5 mg of the polysaccharide per 1 g of tissue. The polysaccharide is mainly localized in the mucous fibres of the subcutaneous layer. Before extraction from the freshly frozen tissue, the combs must be washed thoroughly with water, acetone 

Hyaluronic Acid Preparation, Properties, Application in Biology and Medicine, First Edition. Mikhail A. Selyanin, Petr Ya. Boykov and Vladimir N. Khabarov. 

Blood-free tissues could be stored for up to 24 months in 95% ethanol at 4-22 C [3]. Then the tissues should be grounded in a homogenizer, disintegrator or ball mill in order to afford maximum extraction. Different solvents could be used for extraction, including distilled water at different temperatures, salt solutions and aqueous-organic mixtures. Several of the most common methods of the production of hyaluronic acid from the rooster comb are presented in the Table 3.2, although one method describes production from the eggshell membrane. 

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