Human skin barrier

Tanojo, EL, et al. 1997. In vitro human skin barrier perturbation by oleic acid Thermal analysis and freeze fracture electron microscopy studies. Thermochim Acta 293 77. 

Essa, E.A., M.C. Bonner, and B.W. Barry. 2003. Electroporation and ultradeformable liposomes human skin barrier repair by phospholipid. J Control Release 92 163. 

H. Tanojo, J. A. Bouwstra, H. E. Junginger, and H. E. Bodde, In vitro human skin barrier modulation by fatty acids skin permeation and thermal analysis studies, Pharm Res. 14 42-49 (1997). 

The unique character and the particular composition of the human skin barrier lipids call for investigations on human skin, possibly pig skin, and to a great extent preclude rodents as models for barrier function in penetration studies. 

Wertz, P. and Norlen, L., Confidence intervals for the true lipid composition of the human skin barrier in Skin, Hair, and Nails. Forslind, B. and Lindberg, M., Eds., Marcel Dekker Inc., New York, Basel, 2004, p. 85. 

Forslind, B., Norlen, L., and Engblom, J., A structural model for the human skin barrier, in Colloid Science of Lipids. New Paradigms for Self-Assembly in Science and Technology, Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci., 108, 40, 1998. 

De Paepe, K., Roseeuw, D., and Rogiers, V., Repair of acetone- and sodium lauryl sulphate-damaged human skin barrier function using topically applied emulsions containing barrier lipids, J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol., 16, 587, 2002. 

Bodde, H. E., Pechtold, L. A. R. M. and de Haan, F. H. N. A large scale, noninvasive in vivo screening of human skin barrier and water holding properties recording infrared spectra, TEWL, skin impedance and temperature. Pharmaceutical Research 9 S186, 1992. 

Tanojo H, BosvanGeest A, Bouwstra JA, Junginger HE, and Bodde HE. In Vitro Human Skin Barrier Perturbation by Oleic Acid Thermal Analysis and Freeze Fracture Electron Microscopy Studies, Tlwrmochim Acta 1997 293 77-85. 

Schnetz, E. and Fartasch, M., 2001, Micordialysis for the evaluation of penetration through the human skin barrier a promising tool for future research, Eur. J. Pharm. Sci., 12, 165-174. 

Tanojo, H., Boelsma, E. Junginger, H.E., Ponec, M., and Bodde, H.E. (1998). In vivo human skin barrier modulation by topical application of fatty acids, Sldn Pharmacol Appl. Skin Physiol, 11 87-97. 

It must be emphasised that the brick-and-mortar model is not a structural model but a conceptual one, since it does not take lipid structure into account as a means for explaining the properties of the human skin barrier. This lack of a structure-function concept in skin-barrier research may be one reason for the fact that numerous studies on the penetration of substances... 

Forslind B, Engstrom S, Engblom J, Norlen L (1997) A novel approach to the understanding of human skin barrier function. J Dermatol Sci 14 115-125 Gray GM, White RJ (1978) Glycosphingolipids and ceramides in human and pig epidermis. J Invest Dermatol 70 336-341... 

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